Marginality - waa qaab lagma soo jireenka ah ee bulshada wax?

Maanta, iyo aad u badan inta badan waxa aad maqli kartaa oo ka wakiillo ka hormoodka caqliga in marginality sida ugub ah bulshada - musiibada dhaqaalaha casriga ah iyo siyaasada. Laakiin waxa ay ka dhigan tahay by xilli ciyaareedkan? Haddii marginality - waa natiijada isku dhacu la caadooyinka bulsho jira, sida loo iyo haddii aad rabto inaad sidaan sameyso dagaallamo?

Waxaa soo baxday, marginality - mawduuc in walaacsan sociologists ee 20-mada ay qarnigii la soo dhaafay. La faquuqo oo waqtiga loo yaqaan ajinebiga dhaqaaqay North America, kari waayay dhigan la subculture deegaanka. Later, fikradda guud ee marginality noqday khuseeya dadka bilaa guryaha ah guumeyso, iyadoo qashinka deriska ah, iyo in artist ee caqliga leh aragti free on nolosha.

Taasoo keentay sociologist American Robert Park ee muddada ka hadlay saameynta uu socdaalka ku saabsan sidii loo xoojin lahaa warheynta ka mid ah tacsida dadka. Maanta marginality - tayo leh in waxaa inta badan sabab u ah dhalinyarada ee maanta, taas oo aan ku xidhnayn ka caadooyinka iyo dhaqamada la aqbalo, laakiin sidoo kale ma difaaco adiga kuu gaar ah. Laakiin waa la joogo ma aha oo kaliya iyada, laakiin sidoo kale xubnaha kale ee bulshada. Sidaa darteed waxaan dhihi karaa in marginality ah - a arrin dhaqan-nafsi ah oo ay tahay dhaxal kasta oo bulshada.

suugaanta ee ku saabsan arrintan, noocyada soo socda ee dhacdooyinka:

• strukturanaya ama bulshada;
• dhaqanka ama beelo dhaqameed;
• doorka bulshada yarna.

culimada Modern ku hawlan baadhitaanka waxa keena kooxo ah in aadan kula raacsaneyn jira caadooyinka bulshada. Waxaa jira laba siyaabood oo aasaasi ah si ay u sharxaan this ifafaale. Dadka ma aqbali karaan iska caadi ah ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqda ah in bulshada la joogo waxaa jira dib u habaynta kala duwan ee bulshada, iyo sidoo kale sababta oo ah sifooyinka nafsi iyaga u gaar ah.

A. Fardzh, tusaale ahaan, ayaa sheegay in la faquuqo dadka waa natiijo ah oo dagaalada u dhaxeeya, caadooyinka bulsho jireenka ah in dhaqamo kala duwan. Xaaladaha intooda badan, colaadaha noocan oo kale ah wuxuu dhacaa marka ay jirto socodka socdaalka weyn. Ka dib markii dhaqaaqin Muhaajiriinta si fudud oo aan la dib karo oo si buuxda ay qaataan naqshadaha cusub ee dhaqanka oo u muuqda mid shisheeye. Fardzh yarna uu ku baaqay in dadka kuwa aan la qabsan karo si ay deegaanka. Sidaas darteed, waxay noqon karaan ajaanibta ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale dadka ayaa laga badiyay caadiga ah xaaladda bulshada. Brighton Beach, iyo Chinatown magaalada weyn ee Mareykanka New York - ay tahay oo kaliya bulshada la liido oo aan rabin hana qaadan amarada, ansixiyay in dalka this. Waxay sii wadaan in ay ku noolaadaan sida ay loo isticmaalo in lagu, laakiin in dhulkooda hooyo cusub.

In 90-sano oo qarnigii la soo dhaafay class gaar ah oo la naco in bulshada Ruush. Waxay ka mid ahaa wakiillo ka socda "hooseysa bulshada", iyo "Ruush cusub". Mid kasta oo ka mid ah kooxaha, kuwaas oo lahaa views iyaga u gaar ah oo ku saabsan nolosha, danaha iyo baahiyaha, kuwaas oo si weyn uga duwan danaha iyo baahiyaha dabaqadda dhexe.