Lysosome: dhismaha iyo shaqada unugyada organelles

Waxaa ka mid ah noocyo kala duwan oo ka mid ah qaab-dhismeedka gacanta, habka kaliya hal awood wakiilada cholesterol enzymatic. Waxaa lysosome. Qaab-dhismeedka iyo shaqada, gaar ahaan halka ay taalo in noocyada kala duwan ee unugyada laga wada hadli doonaa in our article.

Lysosome: dhismaha iyo shaqada

Erayga "lysis" loo tarjumay ka macnihiisa Giriiggu waa "Kala diridda". Oo waa usii buuxda qabsatay nuxurka ka mid ah organelles gacanta u socoto. Lysosomes waa kiishka cqaadir, guud ahaan spherically qaabeeya. Ay dhexroor waxaa dirqi tirada of 100-180 nm. Ka baxsan, waxay hareereeyeen by xuub. Inside ka mid ah ensaymes hydrolytic, taas oo samaysa deegaan acidic. Kuwani walxaha dabiiciga ah waa Xoojiya noolaha. Waxay dardar falgalka kiimikada, laakiin ma aha qayb ka mid ah waxyaabaha ay. wada qaaday, lysosome ah - dhismeedka network iyo hawlaha kuwaas oo u jideeyey, in ay shaqada ugu weyn ee - qaybsama unugyada in ay xeryahooda.

lysosomes Location

helitaanka cell lysosome iska leh farmashiyaha Belgian iyo nin cilmiga nafleyda barta Christian de Dyuvu. Oo dhacdadan taariikhda dib ugu 1955. Ka dib markii cilmiga soo bartay si faahfaahsan qaabka iyo shaqada lysosomes unugyada. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta kuwan, organelles enzyme unugyada diyaarin dhan noolaha eukaryotic, dhirta, xayawaanka iyo fangaska. Laakiin in bakteeriyada prokaryotic maqan, sidaas darteed, ma ay awood u phagocytosis iyo dheefshiidka intracellular walxaha.

The wakiillo ka socda boqortooyooyinka kala duwan ee dabiiciga ah tirada dhismeedka data kala duwan. In noolaha dhirta iyo fangaska qoral waa iyo lysosomes midka yihiin vacuoles, sidaas darteed inta badan ay ku sugan yihiin keli ah. Laakiin in unugyada xayawaanka, tiradoodu gaadho dhowr kun oo lambar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay lacagta aan ka badnayn shan boqolkiiba wadarta guud. By habka, kaliya aasaasay xaqiiqda ah in ee jirka ku jira unugyo ka mid ah lysosomes nuujiya maqan oo kaliya ee unugyada dhiigga cas - unugyada dhiigga cas.

farsamo ee lysosomes ah

Lysosome, qaabka iyo shaqada taas oo u oggolaanaysa in dheefshiidka intracellular, waa awood this siyaabo dhowr ah, waxay ku xiran tahay nooca ay. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah la midowdo phage iyo pinocytosis kiishka iyo wada sameeyaan vacuole dheefshiidka. Ay shaqo gaar ah. Waa hirgelinta dheefshiidka intracellular walxaha, ie nafaqada cell.

nooc kale oo lysosomes adeegta in laga takhaluso organelles unugyada dhintay, unugyada go'doon, ama xataa jajabkii unugyada. Qubarada badankooda ayaa aaminsan organelles, kuwaas oo wada baabbi'in meydadka marxaladaha larval xoolaha, sida Waafyadu iyo dabo of lafdhabarka tadpoles. nooc kale oo lysosomes awoodaan inay soo dhowaadaan dusha sare ee xuubka, fulinta saarista falgalka iyo dheefshiidka extracellular.

Taasoo la micno ah ee reactions enzymatic

Maxay yihiin qaab-dhismeedka iyo shaqada lysosomes, aynu hore u daacad kula macaamilooteen. Laakiin sida ay muhiim u yihiin hababka fuliyay by kuwaas organelles unugyada iyo noolaha oo dhan? Waxa asaasay on xuubka of qalab Golgi ah iyo reticulum ku endoplasmic, ay soo sameeyey goobooyinka hoose ay. Iyo markii ugu horeysay, falgalka ku jira iyaga oo ku jira aan firfircoonayn.

By hoos ashitada deegaanka, xaalada ay isbedesho. Falgalka noqdaan firfircoon iyo bilaabaan in ay si firfircoon uga fuliyaan hawlo ka. Waxay baabbi'in wareer ah iyo qayb ka, iyo qaab-dhismeedka loo baahnayn in mar hore ay howlgalka rumoobay. Haddii ay taasi ma dhici, gacanta si fudud u soo jeestay in lagu kaydiyo qashinka. Mararka qaarkood jirku u baahan yahay unugga is-dheefshiidka, taasoo shaki keeni doontaa in ay marakay dhacdey. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, habkan waa arrin habboon iyo xitaa lagama maarmaan. Tusaale ahaan, dhimashada unugyada dabada tadpole marxalad ee ay isbeddel galay rihii ah. Sayidka walxaha sameeyay inta lagu guda jiro geeddi-socodka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa by unugyada kale. Sidaa darteed, hawlaha ay fuliyeen lysosomes, lagama maarmaanka u ah hawlaha caadiga ah ee unugyada qofka iyo u shaqeeyo oo dhan.

Lysosome, qaabka iyo shaqada oo aan ka fikiray in our article waa organelle odnomembrannoy unugyada noolaha prokaryotic. Waxay yihiin kiishka fekrado ku jiraan falgalka awood u jiidhi kiimiko ah oo adag.