Ku biirista Pskov in Moscow (1510). taariikhda Ruush

In 1510, goysiga ah ka dhacay Pskov in Moscow. Dhacdadani waxa ay aheyd natiijo dabiiciga ah ee "ururinta dalalkan oo Ruush" Grand ugaasyadii. Jamhuuriyadda qayb ka mid ah hal dawlad qaran Ruush noqday inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Vasily III.

xiriirka Pskov-Moscow

The xiriirada ugu horeysay si toos ah Pskov iyo Moscow waa dhammaadkii qarnigii XIV ah. Sidaas daraaddeed, in 1380, inta lagu guda jiro Battle of Kulikov, ciidanka Dmitry Donskoy ahaa askartii ah, u diray inay gargaarka ka mid ah Waqooyi ee dalka. formation Tani amray by Prince Andrey Olgerdovich. Markii uu casishay ee 1399, oo ahaa ina Dmitriya Donskogo, Basil aan, u yimid inuu safaaradda in ay u diraan oo ahaa taliyihii Moscow. Codsigan ayaa la siiyay, iyo tan iyo Jamhuuriyadda iyo madax ka ahaayeen urur siyaasadeed dhow.

Ku biirista Pskov in Moscow ayaa si tartiib ah. Oo dhan qarnigii XV u dhexeeya magaalooyinka si loo xoojiyo ganacsiga iyo xiriirka diblomaasiyadeed. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si rasmi ah Republic ayaa weli madax-bannaan. soo magacawday Moscow, kuwaas oo yimid xagga woqooyi, inay daacad u Pskov.

Dadka deggan magaalada mar kaliya u tageen inay colaad toos ah la Duke Grand ah. Oo waxay noqotay in 1456, markii Basil II la Novgorod diriray. Republic ay taageerayaan ay "walaalka ka weyn", laakiin ciidamada wadajirka ah ee labada dal oo ahaa wefdigii Moscow kala qaybsan. Intaas ka dib, boyars Pskov mar kale u timid in ay bixiyaan caabudeen Kremlin, dambi dhaaf weydiisanaya xadgudubkiisa.

Xoojinta saamayn princely

Magaalada Border baahan yahay caawimo ah ee ugaasyadii Grand ee khatarta shisheeye - ugu horayn Lithuania. oo ahaa taliyihii dalka this Vytautas laba jeer dagaal Pskov. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, midoobidda ciidanka Ruushka oo kaliya in waqti ay ku fuliyaan cadowga. Waa sababta oo ah khatarta ah ee goysiga faragelinta shisheeye Pskov in Moscow ahaa lama huraan.

In 1478, Grand Prince Ivan iii ugu dambeyntii ka qaadid madax-bannaanida Novgorod. "Big Brother" Pskov, isaga oo dhaqan ahaan iyo siyaasad ahaan u eg, oo waxaa hadhay oo aan calaamad u ah xoriyadooda - dawan kiniisadda. Tani waxay dhacday ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in aristocracy maxalliga ah, ma doonayo inuu sii joogo gobolka wiilkaagiiba, u baxay inuu isku daya in ay la boqorkii Polish-Lithuanian. Ivan III unbaa qaaday falkan khiyaamo qaran iyo dagaalka u baxay Novgorod.

Ku biirista Pskov in Moscow dhici lahaa xataa ka hor, haddii ay tageen dadkii magaalada laga geli jiray khilaaf isaga iyo gargaare. Laakiin waxay ku nagaadeen daacad u ah Duke Grand ah. Ivan III, waayo, halkaasaa ahayd sharciyada ugu muhiimsan ee ay falsayeen u gaar ah, in uu noolaa laakiin kama ay helin oo kaliya marmarsiiyo rasmi ah ay u diidaan madaxbanaanida ee dhufayska ugu dambeeya ee taliskii Jamhuuriga ee Russia. hawlgalkan ee saaran garbaha wiilkiisa dhacay - Vasily III, guulaysteen in ay carshiga ee 1505.

Muhiimadda Pskov

By bilowgii Zaman qarnigii XVI ka mid ah burbur siyaasadeed ee Russia ee la soo dhaafay. Sannado badan oo boqornimadii Basil III waxaa loo arkaa inay la sii wado macquul ah oo boqortooyadii aabbihiis - Ivan III. Labada amiir weyn si guul ah ku lifaaqan si aad u Power All dalalkan New Ruush, abuurista Qaran-state midaysan. Nidaamkan waxaa la dedejiyey ay sabab u tahay halista Polish-Lithuanian galbeed, iyo sidoo kale weeraro ba'an ee tataarka ee bari iyo koonfur.

Pskov waqtiga ahaa Wuxoogaa cunto dhadhan fiican leh, waayo, deriskooda. magaalada ku hadhay xarunta ganacsiga oo muhiim ah oo qani ah ah, halkaas oo ay ka tageen ay Livonian lacag iyo baayacmushtariyadii Jarmal. suuqyada Local soo jiitay macaamiisha Yurub ee wax soo saarka gaarka ah, gaar ahaan maabalka waqooyiga qaali ah. Ka dib markii Novgorod ahaa kuna lifaaqan Moscow, Pskov hodan xitaa more, sababta oo baayacmushtariyadii shisheeye ka doorteen si ay u qabtaan oo ay ganacsi ee magaalada, si ay u isticmaalaan ugu yaraan qaar ka mid ah madax-bannaanida rasmi ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jiray canshuurta lahayn, labada magaalooyinka reer kibir Moscow.

Dhacdooyinka ka hor of goysiga

In 1509 Vasily III soo diray taliyihii cusub oo Pskov. Waxay noqday Ivan Repnev-Obolensky. dhaqanka qariibka ahaa dadka deegaanka si dhab ah uga naxay. Vicar ma la tashaday, la tasho, anigu kama aan bixin in ay opinion ee aristocracy deegaanka dareenka, laftiisa qabtay maxkamadda. Dhab ahaantii, wuxuu u qaatay sidii hadii uu wakiil ka socda Moscow amiirka gobolka qadiimiga ah.

Pskovites go'aansadeen in ay ka cabato xilhayuhu Vasily Ivanovich. taariikhda Ruush waxaa ka buuxa goosato ah oo niyad-jab dadweyne, laakiin markan colaadda aan soo jeestay in ay iska hor imaad hubaysan. Waqtigaa Pskov hore u ahaa mid aad ku tiirsan Moscow, in ay leeyihiin ciidamada filan kacdoon ka dhan ah amiirka. Intaa waxaa dheer, dadka degan magaalada, ninna ma in ay soo jeedin lahaa. Novgorod muddo ku dhow soddon sannadood uu qayb ka mid ah gobolka midaysan Ruush ahaa oo boqorkii reer Poland ma doonayaan in ay dagaal ku Basil tagaan.

maxkamadda Basil

Duke Grand The waqtigan gaaray Novgorod, si loo hubiyo in Xaamid hawlaha boyars iyaga u gaar ah in this xarunta ganacsi oo muhiim ah. Laakiin hoose Vasily III woqooyi u safray ugu danbeyn ka tago ka danbeeya xornimada Pskov ah. isaga oo daba martay ciidan faro badan Muscovite, taas oo looga baahan yahay in ay dhacdo caasinimo hubaysan furan.

Pskov aristocracy diray safaaradda Prince, weydiinaya si ay u degaan khilaafka u dhexeeya Chamber iyo taliyaha aan la ogalayn. Taa baddalkeeda, Repnev-Obolensky sidoo kale u tageen inay Novgorod, si ay u caddeeyaan kiiska hore ee Vasily Ivanovich. taliyaha Moscow ma ay aqbalin boyars ah, laakiin farriin u diray Pskov dalab dhammaan dadka deggan magaalada ugu iman maxkamadda amiirka. In Novgorod jiido boqolaal dacwooda kuwaas oo ku qanacsanayn noloshooda. Beeralayda eedeeyay boyars ah, gobta wargeliyaan on kasta oo kale. Basil, isagoo fahamsan kala sida weyn ee bulshada Pskov ah, ay go'aansadeen in ay buuxiyaan isku biirida Pskov in Moscow. 1510 ahaa kii ugu dambeeyay ee taariikhda xornimada magaalada.

dabin Novgorod

Inta badan Vasily cabsan in dadka iyo aristocracy ku midoobaan la dagaallanka doonistiisa taagan. Laakiin khilaafaadka u dhexeeya dadka Pskov muujiyeen in ay jiraan wax ay ka cabsadaan ahaa. maalin posadniki set iyo wakiillo ka mid ah qoysaska ugu qanisan Jamhuuriyadda yimid soo dhaweynta amiirka. Basil shaaca ka qaaday in la gaadhay wakhtigii ku tirtirtay nidaamka siyaasadeed ee hore. Rugta waa in ay burbureen, oo jalaska ku dhawaaqay bilowgii Shacabka, ayaa waxaa lagu amray in ay ka baxaan. gobta dhowr caddeeyey ayaa isla markiiba qabtay oo u direen xabsigii.

Isla mar ahaantaana, oo amiir u amartay in dib u dajinta ee Novgorod muwaadiniinta caadiga ah, kuwaas oo u yimid isaga oo leh codsi. Waxay ahayd trick ah in ka caawiyay buuxi biirida Pskov in Moscow. Year sano ka dib, dadka ugu firfircoon ee dalka ku hadhay oo go'doon ah ee xaafadaha princely. Tani waxay u diiday hoggaamiyayaasha Pskov kuwaas oo keeni kara fallaago ka soo horjeeda Basil. istaraatijiyad A la mid ah ayaa loo isticmaalay aabbihiis by - Ivan III, markii uu ka guulaystay Republic Novgorod ah.

End of Pskov Veche

Ugu dambeyntii Pskov Chamber of Novgorod tegey xoghaynta Moscow Tretiak Dolmatov. Wuxuu ahaa diblomaasi khibrad leh kuwaas oo ka caawiyey amiirradii weyn ka soo baxaan xaalad dhegdheg. Rasuulka muuqday magaalada maalmo yar ka dib markii Vasily III ayaa xiray ku dhowaad dhammaan aristocracy deegaanka.

Karaaniga ee Rugta ku dhawaaqday go'aanka Duke Grand ah. Pskovites helay danbays ah - in uu u hogaansamo ama in la qaato dhabbaha dagaal kula Moscow. Dadka deegaanka oo la weydiiyey in aad ka fikirto habeenkii iyo subaxda soo socda oo dhan oo ka mid ah shuruudaha Vasily Ivanovich qaaday. shirkii Isla dawan la saaray. Waxaa sida koob qiimo leh loo qaaday keniisad Moscow a. Dhowr maalmood ka dib in a subax January qabow in qabsashadii magaalada yimid Duke Grand qudhiisa. Booqashada ayaa ku soo gabogabeeyey goysiga Pskov in Moscow. Taariikhda dhacdada (ee 1510) wuxuu ahaa maalintii ugu danbeysay ee Ruush Dr Makumbe Republic lunsan oo ay xorriyadda.

cawaaqibka goysiga

In bilood ka xiga, Vasili sameeyey wax walba si ay u adkeeyaan ay guul. Pskov saaro dhammaan qoyska saameynta badan. Waxay ahaayeen kuwii gobta ahaa iyo sidoo kale-dhashay iyo baayacmushtariyadii hodanka ah. Halkii, ay ka soo diray magaalada Addomahaaga si gaar ah loo doortay Prince Muscovites, oo noqday aqoonyahanada degaanka. Horyaalka hore ee Duqa dambeyntii baabiiyo - waxaa bedelay gebi ahaanba hoos timaada taliyihii Kremlin.

In hantida gooyo gudbeen soo jiidashada ugu weyn ee magaalada - macbadyada iyo qalcaddayda. Guddoomiyayaasha ahaayeen shakhsiyaynta maamulka garsoorka, ciidamada iyo maamulka. Waxaana ka caawiyay karaaniyaal, ayaa sidoo kale ka Moscow diray. Garsoorka Charter Pskov (set oo ah xeerarka by kaas oo xukumi jiray dambiilayaasha degaanka) noqoto sax ahayn. Waxay waxaa bedelay dukumenti la mid ah qaatay ee gobollada kale oo ka mid ah Maraykanka.

Waayo, dadka degan goysiga ah ee Pskov in Moscow by Prince Vasily III waxay ugu muuqataa in qiimaha canshuurta. Waxay u noqday sii badan. Intaa waxaa dheer, in ganacsiga cashuurta lagu soo bandhigay, kuwaas oo halkaas ku Nagaanin jirey.

Pskov gudahood Russia

Maamulka dhexe mamnuucay dhamaan sharciyada hore in bartey kala duwanaayeen Pskov ka gobolka kale oo kasta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee Muscovy qarnigii 16aad hayo magaalada is-maamula milaratigooda. Tusaale ahaan, dadka deegaanka ay xaq u leeyihiin in ay doortaan odayaasha, kuwaas oo difaacay danahooda hore ee guddoomiyaha ayaa. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa dhawrayay, reexaanta Pskov.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, run ahaantii tan iyo 1510 magaalada ugu dambeyntii qayb ka mid ah awood u midaysan ay magaalada Moscow noqday. In mustaqbalka, taariikhda Ruushka ayaa waxaa dhacay dhacdooyin aad u noqoteen imtixaanka for Pskov. Tusaale ahaan, intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Livonian ah, marka oo ahaa ina Basil Ivan Xun ee, magaalada soohdintu waxay aloosnayd by ciidanka Polish. Laakiin waxa uu ka badbaaday oo ka hadhay qayb muhiim ah oo Russia.