Khayraadka dabiiciga ah iyo isticmaalka ee Spain

Spain - dalka u qurux badan oo stunningly kala duwan oo Yurub ah in qaadataa daryeelka khayraadka dabiiciga ah. Xaggee ku taalaa Gobolka? Maxaa macdanta hodan ku Spain?

xaaladaha dabiiciga ah iyo ilaha dhaqaale ee dalka waa mid aad u kala duwan. Tani waxay ogol yahay Spain si wax ku ool u horumariyaan oo ay adag warshadaha, iyo sidoo kale in ay qaataan kaalinteedii ka mid ah dalalka ay siiyaan suuqa caalamiga ah ee dalxiiska.

Boqortooyada Spain: warbixin guud oo ku saabsan dalka

Espana (magaca dalka ee Spanish) - dal madax-bannaan oo ku yaalla guulo Peninsula ah, saddexaad ee ugu weyn Europe. Maamul ahaan, dalka waxaa loo qaybiyaa 17 gobol goboleedka iyo waxaa ka mid ah 50 gobol. Intaa waxaa dheer, Spain waxaa u jideeyey, in ay tiro ka mid ah wax-u dhulal bannaan (plazas de soberania). Waxay ku yaalaan Waqooyiga Afrika iyo Badda Mediterranean-ka.

Year of boqortooyada Spain ee aasaaskoodii 1515 daqiiqadood. Maanta Baarlamaanka (dastuurka) Boqortooyada.

Spain, xaaladaha iyo khayraadka dabiiciga ah kuwaas oo kala duwanaayeen ku filan, oo sannado badan loo qabtay labaatan dal ee ugu heerka guud ee dhaqaalaha koritaanka ee dunida. Intaa waxaa dheer, dalka in Europe waa soo saare ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka beeraha. Halkan waxaa si guul leh horumar wax soo saarka miraha beeraha, xannaanada xoolaha, viticulture, iyo sidoo kale kalluumaysiga.

xaaladaha dabiiciga ah iyo ilaha dhaqaale ee Spain (kooban)

In cimiladu qaar ka mid ah ku nool dadka dalka this? The khayraadka dabiiciga ah kala duwan ee Spain? Si kooban isku day in aad ka jawaabto su'aalahan qaybtan.

Spain - mid ka mid ah dalalka ugu buuraleyda ee Europe. About 35% ka mid ah dhulkeeda yaalo at sare ah oo ka badan 1,000 oo mitir heerka badda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, danbow aad u sarreeya oo aan la helay. Dhibcood ee ugu sareeya ee dhulweynaha Spain - buurta Mulhacén (3480 m).

Guud ahaan, gargaar gobolka lagu tilmaami karaa sida soo socota: qayb kacsantahay iyo buur ah bartamaha shiidaa hareereeyeen dhammaan dhinacyada by silsilado buur oo u kala badda ka. Dhulka hoose ee Spain mashquulin meelaha yar yar. Asal ahaan, waxay fidin hareeraha webiyada waaweyn iyo xeebta Mediterranean.

khayraadka dabiiciga ah cimilada waa mid gaar ah ee Spain. Country la oran karo waa sida cadceedda u diirran iyo Europe. Celceliska tirada maalmaha qoraxdu halkan u dhaxeysa 260-280. Xilliga jiilaalka, heerkulka dhif hoos eber, iyo xagaaga heerkulbeegga 40 degrees Celsius kor u bixin oo laga yaabaa in. Wabiyaal ugu weyn Spain ee - ku Tagus, Duero, Ebro iyo Guadalquivir.

Spain khayraadka dabiiciga ah (macdan gaar ahaan) firdhiyey dhulkeeda oo dhan waa mid aad u sinnayn. Iyadoo habkaani, waa arrin dhibaato ba'an ee horumarinta dhaqaalaha aan qummanaynu ee dalka. Sidaas darteed, qaybta waqooyi ee Spain waxaa ka badan industrially horumariyo, iyo xagga koonfureed, on lid ku ah, waxaa loo arkaa dib ugu. Halkan waxaa suurto gal ah ugu sareeya ee heerka shaqo la'aanta ee dalka.

soocista faahfaahsan oo ka mid ah kheyraadka dabiiciga ah iyo deegaanka ee Spain

Khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee Spain, iyo sidoo kale gobolka kale oo kasta ee caalamka, waa in la tilmaamay on jadwalka soo socda:

• qalbi qabowsado;
• cimilada,
• biyaha qoyska,
• cover ciidda;
• dhirta iyo ugaarta,
• macdanta iyo juqraafiga,
• xaaladaha dhaqaale iyo isticmaalka khayraadka dabiiciga ah.

Muuqaalka guud ee dhulka iyo bay'edda kala duwanaanta

Spain waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan dalka ugu buuraleyda ee Europe. About 90% dhulkeeda waxaa daboola buuraha iyo plateaus. Ku dhawaad nus ka mid ah dusha Spain ee - Meseta taagga ah (ugu weyn ee Europe). qayb Eastern dhanba la safan iyo daboolay kubada qaro dhagaxyada ku aasan. Laakiin qaybta galbeed ee Meseta xoog dissected by gafafkanaga iyo webiyada.

In waqooyiga Meseta waa xadidan oo ay ku buuraha Cantabrian, taas oo, ee jeedo, waa in la sii wado Pyrenees ah. Tani nidaamka buurta awood ka kooban yahay dhowr tiixtiix isku midka ah ee dherer ah ilaa 450 kilomitir. Pyrenees Adkaan aad u adag: baas oo dhan ku yaalaan at sare ah ee in ka badan 1,500 oo mitir. Taasi waa sababta dhammaan jidadka tareenka ee isku xidha Spain iyadoo dalalka kale ee galbeedka Yurub, nidaamka buurtan Goldogob xagga bari ama xagga galbeed. In gobollada dhexe ee Pyrenees ah waxaad ka heli kartaa foomamka gargaarka ka soo jeedo glacial: baabuurta, circuses oo berkedihii.

From maradiisa waqooyi Meseta Sistema Ibérico. Waxaa halkan marti Wabiyaal badan oo waaweyn ee Spain. Tani waa mid ka mid ah gobolada ugu yaraan ku nool yihiin ee dalka.

In koonfurta Spain, xeebta Mediterranean, iskala buuraha Andalusian. Ka mid ah kuwan, waa soo diyaariyeen ah ee Sierra Nevada ka meesha ugu sarreysa ee dalka - sarreysa ee Mulhacén. Dhererka of Sierra Nevada waa uun Alps ee la tartami karin ee Europe.

Plain Plain iyo mashquulin% ee aagga guud ee Spain 10 oo keliya. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah ka kooban yihiin waxyaabaha alluvial, laakiin sababta oo ah ciidda - waa mid aad u bacrin ah. dooxada ugu weyn waxa uu ku yaalaa koonfurta-galbeed ee dalka (Andalusian).

Relief waxaa inta badan ka caawiyay in ay ilaaliyaan Khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee Spain iyo Xoolo. safafka buurta xoogbadane of Peninsula guulo ka waxaa badanaa door ah ee xuduudaha la isku halayn karo iyo insuperable, ilaalinta dalka ku soo duushay iyo colaad.

Tilmaamo cimilada

isbedelka cimilada ee Spain ka soo WoqooyiGalbeed kuna socota KoonfurBari ah. heerkulka celcelis ahaan halkan ku kala duwan yihiin xadka ballaaran ka 14 ilaa 20 digrii. By tirada maalmaha qoraxdu sano ah, Spain qaybsada meesha ugu horeysa ee Europe la Greece.

Cimilada ee qaybta bartamaha dalka lagu gartaa wanaajiyey qaaradda. xagaa waa ka kulul iyo qaboobuhu ah - qabow. "Saddex bilood qabow iyo sagaal bilood oo cadaabta" - waa mid ka mid ah erayada ugu caansan ka mid ah dadka deggan banka Meseta.

Qaybinta roobabka ayaa sidoo kale farqiga weyn. saynisyahano Cimilada conventionally qaybsan Spain ee "qalalan" iyo "qoyan." Oo soohdintu waxay u dhaxaysa labadaas gobol tagaa buuraha Cantabrian marayo. Sidaas darteed, gudaha "qoyan" Spain, taas oo ka mid ah dalka Basque, Galicia, Asturias iyo qayb ka mid ah Pyrenees ah, roobab sanadlaha celcelis ahaan ku saabsan 900-1000 mm ee roobabka. Inta kale ee dalka ( "engejin" Spain) waa in aan ka badnayn 500 mm oo roob ah sannadkii.

Features Khayraadka Dabiiciga ah ee Spain (horrayn cimilada) abuuro dhibaatooyin badan ee horumarka ah ee beeraha iyo sidoo kale biyaha ee degsiimooyinka badan oo dalka oo dhan. About 60% ka mid ah dalalka saynisyahano gobolka qiyaaso sida oomane.

biyaha Inland iyo cover ciidda

Dalku waxa uu leeyahay shabakad webiga si cadaalad ballaaran. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta badan River Spanish biyo yar ku kala duwan iyo nidaam deganayn aqueous. Qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah waa gacmeed xagaaga ama wada qallajin doonaa dhammaantiis. Spain Ka sokow khayraadka dabiiciga ah biyaha aad u di'in dalka oo dhan, taas oo horseedaysa dhabtii weyn ee biyaha ee gobollada kala duwan ee.

cover ciidda ee Spain ayaa sidoo kale aad u kala duwan, ay sabab u tahay gargaarka dhib ah, qaab-dhismeedka dhulka qaxay halkaas, iyo farqiga cimilada weyn. Sidaas daraaddeed, ee waqooyiga waxaa ku badan bogs podzolic burozomy iyo Peat galbeed - carradu acidic of nooca Mediterranean ka, iyo bari, iyo in jasiirada Mallorca - nooca oomane ciidda (burozomy iyo sierozems). The carradu ugu bacrin yihiin ee dhulka iyo dooxooyinka webiyo waaweyn. Waa in kuwan meelaha of dalagga dalka ugu dhakhsaha badan soo koraya.

Biota

Waayo, dhirta iyo ugaarta gobolka waxa lagu gartaa noocyada qaninimada. In floristically Spain wadajir waxaa loo arkaa dalka taajirsan Europe. kaymaha Large dabooli oo ku saabsan 30% ka mid ah dhulkeeda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ee la soo dhaafay, waxay ahaayeen aad u balaaran.

kaymaha geedkii Evergreen koraan in gobollada waqooyi-galbeed ee dalka. buuraleyda waa noocyada ugu badan ee geedihii alloonka kaymo iyo Beech, ash, Chestnut iyo bjørk. plateaus hoose oo Spain gudahood raagayaan wadooyin kaymaha canbaha qalalan iyo ku xoortay. Bbc Semi-cidla ah waxaa laga heli karaa banka Aragon iyo New Castile.

The dubato ee Spain bayaan loo arkaa raad duur-joogta Yurub iyo Afrika labadaba. Halkan ka orso brown caadiga ah, in Yeeyi Cunto, dawacada, cat duurjoogta, deerada iyo nuujiya kale, caadiga ah ee bartamaha iyo galbeedka Europe. In Spain waxa kale oo aad ka heli kartaa gorgor Imperial ee, genet iyo feertameyo dalka Masar. Dhamaan noocyada kuwan waxaa laga helaa oo dhanka kale ah oo ka mid ah Strait of Gibraltar.

fiiro gaar ah la siiyo Spanish (ama Pyrenean) Lynx - mid ka mid ah nuujiya naadir dhulka. Waxa uu leeyahay wax ka badan boqol ka badan shakhsiyaad si ay taariikhda. Waxaa kulmay xoolaha oo keliya in dhulka buuraleyda ah iyo fog ee koonfurta Spain. From Lynx guulo caadiga ah waa midab yar oo dheeraad ah oo cad.

khayraadka Macdanta ee Spain: qiimaynta guud

Dalku ma ka mid ah madaxda adduunka ee bixinta khayraadka macdanta. macdano badan oo Spain ay leedahay in dajiyaan (oo ay ku jiraan tamarta). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, warshadaha macdanta halkan si fiican u horumarsan, gaar ahaan bari iyo koonfur-galbeed ee dalka.

Shan ka mid ah macdanaha ugu muhiimsan ee Spain ayaa waxaa lagu soo bandhigi karaa sida soo socota:

• Iron dhadhaab.
• Dhuxul.
• Copper.
• Lead.
• Mercury.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta badan kaydka berrinka ee aad ku Higsato. Sidaa darteed, guud ahaan, Spain la odhan karaa tiirsan keeno khayraadka macdanta ee dalka.

macdanta ore

Dawladdu waxay waa, dhammaan ayuu ka sarreeyaa, hodan ku ah macdanta macdan ah. Tusaale ahaan, in Spain helay kayd qani ku ah zinc, lead, mercury, manganese, iyo pyrites copper. Total kaydka ee senti birta ee Spain - oo ku saabsan 2.5 bilyan oo tan. Waqooyiga, waxaa jira kayd muhiim ah oo qasacad iyo tungsten.

In kaydka la xaqiijiyay of senti uranium Spain waa in kaalinta labaad ee ogaansho Europe iyo Mercury - meesha ugu horeysa ee dunida. kayd Rich ee cinnabar ku yaalaan gobolka Ciudad Real iyo bangiyada of Baldeasage webiga.

Intaa waxaa dheer, oo uurkii Spain waa mid aad u hodan ku pyrite. Gaar ahaan, ay miino ku dalcadaha koonfureed ee Morena Sierra ah. Sidoo kale Spain, waxaa jira kaydka oo lacag ah, oo dahab ah, molybdenum iyo titanium.

Shiidaalka iyo tamarta macdanta iyo qalabka kale ee cayriin

ilaha tamarta dhulka Isbaanish, hoogtay, ma aha sidaas hodan ah. kayd Yar ee dhuxusha ayaa la horumariyey ee waqooyiga dalka (ee gobollada of Oviedo iyo Leon), in Country Basque iyo Asturias. dhuxusha Isbaanish, tayada caadiga ah hoos.

Oil oo tiro yar oo la soo saaray ee Catalonia Burgos, gaaska dabiiciga ah - in Aragon iyo Cadiz. kaydka ay baadhaan oo gaas ah ee Spain ma yihiin in ka badan laba bilyan oo mitir oo saddex jibbaaran.

Waxaa jira kaydka ilaa xad badan oo cusbada potassium, dhoobo madax adkaadeen, kaolin iyo fluorspar. In badan oo gobolladii Spain (Galicia, Asturias, Valencia, Guadalajara iyo kuwa kale) si firfircoon uga soo saarta alaabta ceeriin ee warshadaha dhismaha. dolomite Tani, nuuradda, marmar iyo jeeso tayo sarreeyo.

khayraadka dabiiciga ah iyo isticmaalka ee Spain

Si firfircoon u isticmaalaan khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee heer warshadeed bilaabay in Spain ee qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii labaatanaad. Ka hor inta in, dalka ku hadhay gobolka beerolay dhacsan. ADEEGSIGA QUMMAN iyo qiimayn ku filan xaaladaha dabiiciga ah iyo ilaha dhaqaale ee Spain ogol yahay in ay u soo noqdaan dalka warshadaha iyo beerolay, taas oo marka la eego dhinaca horumarinta warshadaha waa ineysan si dalal badan oo Yurub ah.

Maanta, Spain iyo sidoo kale waa macdanta horumaray, dhar, cunto processing, Dhismaha maraakiibta, iyo sidoo kale tamar kale. In beeraha, dalagga xukuma ee dalka. Halkan, iyo sarreen, bariis, hadhuudh, shaciir, iyo Saytuun, taariikhaha, rummaan iyo dalagyo kale. Gobollada oomane si guul ah la rijeynaya in idaha iyo riyaha, iyo xagga woqooyi - xoolaha. kalluumaysiga horumarisa ee degaannada xeebaha. Spain ka mid ah hogaanka toban dal oo ku qaadaan oo ka baaraandegidda kalluunka waa.

Spain iyo dalxiiska

Spain waa ay ka fog xarunta ugu weyn ee dalxiiska ee caalamiga ah. In ka badan hal milyan oo qof oo ku nool dalka ka shaqeeya waaxda this of dhaqaalaha qaranka. Spain oo booqday sanad kasta ugu yaraan 50 milyan oo dalxiisayaal ajnabi ah.

The meelaha loo dalxiis tago ee ugu caansan ee Spain: Costa Baraawe, Costa Blanca iyo Islands Canary ah. Xarumaha dalxiis ugu weyn ee dalka - Barcelona, Real Madrid, Bilbao iyo Valencia. magaalada Last ayaa noqonaya mid sii kordheysa oo caan ah oo leh dalxiisayaal iyo Socdaalba. Tan waxaa loo fududeeyey jiidashada ay tiro badan, taxadiri taariikheed iyo naqshadda, matxafyada iyo khayraadka dabiiciga ah madadaalada Valencia.

Spain ayaa sidoo kale waa xarunta ugu weyn ee iidda Yurub. The Seville Fair caan ah, midabo Carnival in Cadiz iyo La Tomatina in Buñol ay raalli ka soo booqday by dalxiisayaal ka soo adduunka oo dhan.

gunaanad

Dalka boqortooyada Spain waa mid aad u hodan ku ah khayraadka dabiiciga ah, macdanta, shidaalka, cimilada iyo noolaha. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay khafiif ah, cimilada diiran oo uu leeyahay outlet balaadhan oo si badaha.

qiimaynta dhaqaale ee xaaladaha dabiiciga ah iyo ilaha dhaqaale ee Spain waa mid qaali ah. Iyada oo ku saleysan iyaga on, si guul leh horumarinta macdanta, korontada, beeraha iyo dalxiiska ah.