Helicopter "Robinson": sifooyinka, photos, xawaaraha. Duulaya helicopter ah "Robinson"

darawalka Rare, mar macaanka ah gaadiidka dheer, ma ka cawday in uu gaariga ka maqan awood u leh inay iska duuli ka badan guf ah. badin gaar ahaan wax aad looga xumaado ah gaadiidka ee kiiska marka wakhtigii waa ka qiimo badan tahay lacagta. xaaladda Tani waxay dhacdaa in dadka la xakameeyo idiina weyn kaas oo isagoo goor dambe shir ganacsi noqon kartaa khasaare weyn. Sida caadiga ah, baabuurta ganacsato guul iibsadaan qaali ah. Ka dibna waxaan ka heli xal. Helicopter "Robinson" on its kharashka waa si fiican u kala duwan qiimaha of fulinta gudahood class baabuur raaxo waa ineysan si "dhacday barxada," oo uu ogyahay ma dhibaatooyinka gaadiidka.

design

Diyaaradaha loo isticmaalo shakhsi ee West ayaa u muuqday muddo dheer ka hor, laakiin ka hor, waxay ahaayeen diyaar u ah dadka aad buu hodan kaliya. In ku tiris ah oo qarnigii labaatanaad, shirkad Maraykanka Robinson Helicopter qabtay muuqaal ah suuqa duulista ee gaarka loo leeyahay oo yar oo bilaabay horumarinta helicopter model in buuxin kartaa dabaqada dhexe macaamiisha Daaqad Misbaax ku ah. Dhab ahaantii, waxay ahayd in ay noqon a "gaari duulaya", taas oo, marka lagu daro duuliyaha, ku haboon laga yaabaa in saddex ama afar rakaab ah la boorsooyinka. In America, dadka inta badan u safri on baabuurta, gudbid masaafo ah ilaa kun oo kiiloomitir, oo meel fog sida xisaabiyaa "Robinson" a. Diyaaradii, marka lagu daro shuruudaha kuwaas, sida ay sifooyinka muhiim hantiyeen oo kale: maaraysay fudud iyo waxbarashada ay hoggaamiso, dhaqaale isticmaalka shidaalka, nolosha adeeg dheer, dayactirka fudud, isku halaynta, amniga iyo gargaarka. Hoggaansamaan, kuwaas oo dhan xaaladaha gaari isku mid ah - ma hawl fudud, iyo xafiiska design shirkadda ku lahaa si adag u shaqeeyaan. Waxay qaadatay ku dhawaad toban sano si ay u horumariyaan helicopter ah. In 1990, helicopter ah "Robinson" model ugu horeysay R44 ahaa guud ahaan diyaar in laba sano ayaa shahaado oo la soo saaray oo suuqa ka yar diyaarad kale.

Features design

eegtahay la gaariga ku soo dhaca maskaxdooda isla markiiba ka dib kulan uu la yeeshay xogta qaab diyaaradaha ee diyaaradda. Helicopter "Robinson" culeyskiisu ka badan tan ah la shido, duuliyaha, rakaabka iyo boorsooyinka. Taasi waxay u dhigantaa qiyaastii in miisaankiisu ku raran yihiin "Zhiguley". shidaalka ee taangiga of 185 litir la dhigayaa, taas oo ku filan muddo saddex ama afar iyo badh saacadood ama 650 kiiloomitir ee duulimaadka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuwii lahaa nolosha la adeegsanayo diyaaradaha yar ka qabtaan, ogaadana in duuli si aad u socoto kuma filna, waa in aan sidoo kale noqon in ay jiraan dhul ay awoodaan. Oo waxay u baahan tahay Airporka (haddii duulimaadka qaadataa meel on diyaarad a) ama boosteejo ah oo ku haboon (helicopter). Dhexroor ee rotor ah "Robinson" waxoogaa ka badan toban mitir, wadarta guud ee dhinacyada guud ahaan waa - 11,75 m, laakiin tani micnaheedu ma aha in ay fududahay in la saaray diyaarad kasta, kumyadu by dhererka, wuxuu u baahan yahay qaar ka mid ah stock dheeraad ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shuruudaha laga beerto shuruudaha mashiinka waa sida fudud ee suurtogalka ah ay sabab u tahay feature design kale - fur waa sare, in ka badan saddex mitir dhulka, iyo jaaniska kor ku xusan si ay u qabsadaan, waayo qaar ka mid ah caqabad ku yar. In si kale loo dhigo, helicopter ah "Robinson" ee goobta soo degtey si gaar ah loo diyaariyey looma baahna.

Secrets powerplant

Mashiinka waxaa la dhisay sida ay nidaamka classical la mid side iyo mid rafaasad wadidda (celino) fur ah u amro on dogobka. warshad koronto ayaa waxa uu ku yaalaa ka dambeeya cab oo ka mid ah baabuurta la marsho. nooca baabuurta, taas oo ku xidhan nooca, waxaa laga yaabaa in 540 ama IO-O-540 Lycoming - labada kiis ee, awood badan ka badan 260 hooras; Tirada dhululubada - lix. In qol ee helicopter waa mid yara xasilloon. qarsoon oo heer buuq yar yahay, nolosha adeeg duration iyo isku halaynta sare oo warshad koronto ka kooban yahay shaqo la'aan, i.e. headroom xoogga. Waxaa ka shaqeeya "qeybtii xqqa", iyada oo aan dhaawacaysa, taas oo si wadajir ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo oo xiiso leh alaabta (oo ay ku jiraan farcan), hubinta buuq yar yahay, oo ay la socdaan kordhay iska caabin ah ay xirtaan, waxay keenaysaa in natiijooyin aad u wanaagsan.

maamulka

helicopters dhawr, sidaas ahina pilot sida "Robinson". helicopter ayaa waxaa loogu talagalay hal tijaabo ah, laakiin, haddii loo baahdo, isagoo fadhiya midigta ee rakaabka qaadan kartaa in ka badan ay hoggaamiso ah. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waa ku filan tahay inuu ka soo leexdo buro gacanta (Dabcan xilliile) ee dhinaca oo ay isticmaalaan iyaga u gaar ah lever qabsiga garoonka oo gala ah, kaas oo ka tegay qalabaysan labada kursiga hore. Ma helicopter kasta low-tanka ku qalabeysan yahay gacanta dual-shaqayn ah, laakiin waxaa muhiim ah sidii loo hagaajin lahaa ammaanka, iyo in tababarka doonniyawadayaashaada, taas oo inta badan ay yihiin milkiilayaasha baabuurta.

waxqabadka duulimaadka

Mid kasta oo diyaarad lagu qiyaasay by khubaro hannaanka argument Ujeedada qiyaasay in tirooyinka. Sidaas darteed, awood u leh inay shaqeeyaan mishiinka in latitudes waqooyiga ama kulaale dhigaya kala duwan heerkulka taas oo horyaalka ay tahay mid amaan ah. Waxaan ka fiirsan saamiga farsamo u iriddu waa weyn - ka -30 ° C si + 40 ° C, kaas waxaannu ku tirinnaa karaa oo ku saabsan suurtagalnimada ee uu shaqada ku dhow dhulka oo dhan Russia. Cruise (i.e., hawlgalka caadiga ah) xawaaraha ee helicopter ah "Robinson" qiyaastii waa loo siman yahay si saacaddiiba 110 miles (halbeegyo qaatay oo dalka Mareykanka ah) ama our of 177 km / h, laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa in ay gaaraan 190 ee afterburner. Haddii aan ka fiirsan toosnaanta of dhabbihii, faa'iidooyinka gaadiidka hawada soo baxeen. sare ugu badan u yeedhay aviators saqafka, gaadho 4250 mitir, laakiin sida caadiga ah waxay hoos ku yahay, on hal iyo badh kun a, on taas oo helicopter ah isticmaalka shidaalka ugu dhaqaalo "Robinson". Sifooyinka ay ku xiran tahay model iyo heerka nolosha adeeg qarnigan.

beddelka

Shirkadda Helicopter Robinson marka la eego wax soo saarka adag tahay in la barbar "nibiriyada badda" sida ee warshadaha ee diyaaradaha American sida "Boeing", "Sikorsky" ama "McDonnell Douglas". Guusha ganacsi ee shirkadda gaadhay in si ciriiri ah halbeegyada tayada qeybta suuqa ee diyaaradaha yar yar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani micnaheedu ma aha in badeecada loogu talagalay macaamiisha gaarka loo leeyahay, waxaa Tanna iyo hay'adaha dawladda (sida, booliska), iyo ma ahan oo keliya American. Si ay u gaaraan macaamiisha ugu badan ee spectrum soo saaray toddoba versions helicopters "Robinson":

- "Astro" - shaqeeya by O-540.

- "Raven" - model ganacsi oo leh engine xoojiyeen O-540-F1B5 on gaari baraf bir u adkeysan kara caga on dusha gaar ahaan adag ee.

- "Clipper" - version birtiina (gidrovertolet).

- "Raven II» - engine duritaanka ayaa IO-540-AE1A5. Intaa waxaa dheer, garbaha rafaasad waxaa lagu sameeyey ballaaran. Sidoo kale balaariyay awoodaha navigation oo u oggolaan horyaalka kooban ama eber aragti.

- "Clipper II» - la mid ah "Raven II» in gidrovariante.

- "Hoogay-Efesos Ar-Tababaraha" - sida ay magaca uu tusinayaa, model waxbarashada, qalabeeyay qalabka oo dhan loo baahan yahay.

- "Polis II» - gaari booliska, sida qalabaysan.

Raaxada iyo badbaadada

Duulaya helicopter ah "Robinson" ma aha aad u kala duwan ka soo degayay oo baabuur caadiga on wadada wanaagsan. Kuraasta haboon dhisay sanduuqyada boorsooyinka hoose. Glazing sidoo kale ku faraxsan yahay, oo ma ahan oo keliya tijaabada ah (su'aashan uu qiimo ah adeegayaa ay isaga for: dulmar fiican, fudud waa in ay maraan in meel bannaan), laakiin sidoo kale oo rakaab ah kuwaas oo si fudud u xiiso.

Sida khatarta in ay jebiyaan, waxaa hubaal jira, laakiin waxay u badan tahay ilaa hadda in ka yar markii ay u hababka kale ee gaadiidka dhaqaaqin. Xitaa engine failure ma aha inta badan keenta in cawaaqib naxdin leh - feature a ma aha oo kaliya "Robinson" (oo waa mid aad u fudud), laakiin dhammaan helicopters ah in ka dhigi kartaa degtey yara jilicsan guud ay sabab u tahay wareeg ah ama latago of rotor ah oo la yiraahdo (autorotation).

Inta badan noocan ah ee baabuurta heli shilalka ay sabab u tahay tababar ku filnayn doonniyawadayaashaada, ama adeeg munaasib ahayn.

suuqa sare

qiimaha Factory ee US "Robinson R-44" qiimihiisu yahay $ 300 oo kun. In view of kharashka margin iyo kastamka dealer ee, waa in Russia ay gaareen 450 kun. Noocan oo kale ah qiimaha sare dhiiri milkiilayaasha iman kara doonayo si loo badbaadiyo lacag by iibsiga qalabka lagama maarmaanka ah ee suuqa sare, halkaas oo aad ka dhigi kartaa iibsiga, bixinta ka 270 ilaa 400 oo kun oo doolarka Maraykanka. Oo ka mid ah toban helicopters sagaal iibin jidkaas, ma aha marka laga reebo iyo helicopter ah "Robinson". Photos of qalab la soo jeediyey ma arrin badan, badan oo ka muhiimsan yahay ururinta xogta ku saabsan nolosha adeeg ee unugyada iyo da'da guud. Waqtiga u dhexeeya overhauls kama badan karto 2200 saacadood (kuwaas oo, kadis ah, ma aha oo raqiis ah -. Bixin doontaa qiyaastii $ 60 kun). Sidoo kale waa in fiiro gaar ah u ah inta kale ee khayraadka ee mid kasta oo halbeeg ah, gaar ahaan kuwa ugu qaalisan. Xaqiiqada ah in saarayaasha diyaarad ku wareegsan faa'iidada aasaasiga ah dunida aan ahayn ka soo harta iibka qalabka, iyo si gooni gooni ah ka siin qaybaha isticmaalo.