Falsafada Ruush ee qarnigii 19aad: fikrado, doorka iyo muhiimadda ay leedahay

falsafada Ruush ee qarnigii 19aad waa kala duwan ee ku baraya siyaasadda gudaha iyo jagooyinka fikirka. qarnigii la soo dhaafay ka hor inta dunida siiyey aqoon yahanno sida M. Bakunin, PY Chaadaev, IV Kireyevsky FM Dostoevsky, AS Hamsters, KS Aksakov, TN Granovsky, AI Herzen, lihida Tolstoy, Kn Leontiev, VG Belinsky, NV Fedorov, iyo sidoo kale aragtiyaha kale oo badan oo caan ah.

falsafada Ruush ah qarnigii 19 - waa laga fekerayo ah oo raad ku fikirka ah yahannada leh labo isbeddellada soo horjeeda - Westernism iyo Slavophilism. Taageerayaasha arrimuhu dambe ayaa hadalka ku saabsan horumarinta aqoonsiga qaranka ee gobolka, galku kaymo, maxaa yeelay, kaasu ee iman kara weyn mustaqbalka bulsho ee dalka. Cayimayo diinta this, in ay opinion, ayaa loo ogol yahay waa in ay iyada si ay u noqdaan ciidan mideynaya oo kaa caawin doona si ay u xalliyaan badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka bulshada.

kordhin A dabiiciga ah ee iimaanka xoogga mucjiso ah galku u noqday fikradaha siyaasadeed. ikhtiyaarka ugu fiican ee horumarka ah ee gobolka faylosuufiinta Ruush qoyska ee qarnigii 19aad, iska Slavophilism, tixgeliyaa foomka monarchical dowladda. Tani ma aha la yaab leh, maxaa yeelay, sababta loo beerto ee Asalraacnimadu ee Russia ahaa baahida loo qabo in la xoojiyo -Raaxaysta- ah. Waxaa ka mid ah taageerayaasha dhaqdhaqaaqa this arkaa KS Aksakov, IV Kireyevsky, AS Hamsters.

falsafada Ruush ee qarnigii 19aad waxaa sidoo kale lagu gartaa views siyaasadeed iyo moral oo ah reer galbeedka. Taageerayaasha mulxidnimo cilmaani iyo Maadiga u sujuudeen shuqulladii ay Hegel, aragtiyo dimuqraadi ah oo ku baaqay in la afgembiyey a xagjirka ah ee xukuumadda hadda jirta. dareenka Kacaanka ayaa taageeray by raaca habkani in heerar kala duwan, laakiin fikradda ah looga gudbo ku -Raaxaysta- iyo horumarinta ee hantiwadaagga la hayo ilaa xad la mid ah.

Reer galbeedka noqday aasaasayaasha waxbarashada Ruush, ku dooday in barwaaqadu ku dhaqanka qaranka. Horumarinta ee Taageerayaasha sayniska ee jihada this waxaa sidoo kale loo qaadanayaa mudnaan ah. In shuqullada MA Bakunin, AI Herzen, VG Belinsky, NG Chernyshevsky muujinayaa fikradaha kuwan. Vision ee artist kasta waxay leedahay gaarka ah u gaar ah, laakiin in qoraalladii aragtiyaha ogan fikrado la mid ah.

falsafada Ruush ee qarnigii 19aad waa kaydka qiimo leh ee taariikhda qaranka. Maanta, xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee siyaasadeed iyo bulsho ha joojiyaan in ay muujiyaan tusaalooyin cad ee fikradaha iska hor imaad in asalkiisu ka soo jeedo in ka badan nus qarni ka hor.

Aqoonta taariikhda iyo horumarinta fikradaha in lagu gartaa dhaqanka ee Russia ee qarnigii 19aad, oo noo ogolaadaa in ay arkaan in iftiinka cusub arrin ku socda ee casriga, sida hordhaca ah in dugsiyada OPK. Taageerayaasha dibuhabaynta - raaca hadda Slavophiles iyo mucaaradka - reer galbeedka ee qarnigii 21aad. Farqiga u dhexeeya xaaladda ee la soo dhaafay iyo maanta Russia in ka hor inta isbeddellada soo horjeeda ayaa si cad u qurxiyey oo waxba ma ay isku daraan. Tani waxay ifafaale ma aha sidaas cad: ". xaqiiqada Slavophile" sidaas, waayo Westernising dejinta waxaa laga yaabaa in qarinayaan Tusaale ahaan, "ayuu sharciga aasaasiga ah" ee dalka Russia ayaa la naadiyey dawlad cilmaani ah, oo aan looga hortago in xubno ka mid ah diinta Orthodox in ay ku raaxaystaan mudnaanta gaarka ah.