Biosphere - a ... qeexitaan Main

Biosphere - waa firfircoon qolof dhulka. Maanta, marka fikirka cilmiyeed iyo farsamo dardar horumarka, aqoon wareegi dareen gaar ah oo ku saabsan geedi socodka nolosha on Earth. door muhiim ah waxaa ciyaaray kuwan hababka of noolaha.

Inta lagu jiro jiritaanka dhulkeenna, noolaha, kuwaas oo hawada ogsijiinta iyo nitrogen ka buuxsamay. Inta badan iyada sii daayay ka kayd carbon dioxide la aasaasay of gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo saliid.

In horumarka dhulkeenna la aasaasay qolof ah oo aan caadi ahayn - biosphere ah. Biosphere - waa meel ka mid ah nolosha firfircoon.

Magaca qolof abuurtay Eduard Zyuss. Amaahashada afka Giriigga ereyga «BIOS» (nolol), uu ku soo galay 1875 ereyga dhulka - biosphere ah.

Biosphere - waa mid ka mid ah layers dhulka ee dhulka.

Waxaa ku jira labada noolaha iyo modified hoygii.

Waxaa la malaysan karin in haddii ay jirto nolosha on dhulkeenna, sidaas awgeed waa in labada geesood kale ee caalamka. Seynisyahanno qirto in biosphere ah - arrin iska caadi. Waxay isku dayaan in ay nolosha ka helo meel dibadda Dhulka. Laakiin ilaa inta dhulkeenna waa mid ka mid ah oo kaliya halkaas oo ay ka jirto.

Life ma waajibo karo by fursad. Too adag ugub ah. Waxaa la aqoonsan yahay waa in habka taas oo horseeday in bixitaanka nolosha on Earth, waxaan ku dhawaad weli ma uu aqoon.

Laakiin wax kasta oo ay ahayd - waxaa jira biosphere oo ka mid ah dhulka, taas oo ka dhigaysa suurtogal ah jiritaanka iyo barwaaqo nolosha on dhulkeenna.

Earth 4.5 billion. Years. Taariikhda jiritaankeeda, saynisyahano ku kala qaybiyey laba xilliyo weyn: Kriptozoy iyo Phanerozoic. Zaman Kriptozoyskaya - taasi waa marxalad ka mid ah "nolosha qarsoon". Haseyeeshee ee lakab oo muddo this, raad hoose nolosha adduunka waa inaan laga helin.

Zaman Phanerozoic, taas oo bilaabay 570 million. Years ka hor, ayaa la calaamadeeyay by qaraxa, kaas oo la odhan jiray Cambrian ah. Paleozoic bilaabay. Halkaa marka ay marayso u biilaabay dadkuba ku nool. Gooryaanka, mollusks, chordates, iwm Sidaa darteed, waqtiga xaadirka ah ayaa loo yaqaan "qarax."

Iyada oo mid ka mid boqol oo milyan. Years ka dib "Qaraxa" waxay ahaayeen vertebrates ugu horeysay. Waxay qaadatay kale 400 million. Years. Life biyihii ka soo baxay bilaabay si aad u hesho in ay dhul engegan. Sayidka kacay xamaarato ah.

Fiiro gaar ah u muuqday in biyaha nolosha, oo muddo dheer jirin inay dalka soo galaan awoodaan. Waxaa jiray jawi oxygen iyo lakabka Allena ka, kaas oo ay dhammaan nolosha ka shucaaca dilaaga timaada qorraxda ilaaliyo yaabaa.

Iyadoo dhalashada ka mid ah noolaha ugu horeysay heer hoose - prokaryotes muuqday iyo Biosphere ah. Qeexidda muddada ay tani tahay arrin cad - Eon Archean.

In waqtigeena, nolosha on Earth waa kulayl. Waa in badda, oo buuraha, ee barafka iyo meelaha hawadu ka Kobenhagen.

Halkan ku nool yihiin xoolaha, micro-organisms, dhirta iyo fangaska.

Biosphere - waa, in nuxurka, meel aan guraynin, halkaas oo noocyada badan ee noolaha deggan. xidhiidhada Biological oggolaanin inay la macaamilaan midba midka kale, la xirrira ecosystem weyn.

dabeecadda dunida ogolaanaya noolaha inuu la qabsado xaaladaha kala duwan ku nool. Thanks to this dhulka waxaa la sameeyay tiro ka mid ah meelaha dabiiciga ah ay lagu alkumay meel gaar ah iyo noocyada degganaa.

Khubarada shirkadda «Microsoft» dhameysan shaqo abuurista model computer ah biosphere ah. Tani waxay u ogolaaneysaa saynisyahano iyo siyaasad-dejiyeyaasha in xaqiiqda ku qiimeeyaan ecology u ah dunida oo ay ka dhigi go'aanka saxda ah.