ATP saraysiinta ee tennis: tirinta, xaaladda ay ku sugan

Maanta waa ay adag tahay in la qiyaaso in tennis waxaa jira marar marka waxaa jiray fikradda ma "socoto fadeexadda ugu horeysay" oo ka qayb-koob oo waa weyn ma ku xiran tilmaamayaasha Ujeedada, iyo xiriirada qaranka iyo qabanqaabiyeyaasha qabatinka. qiimeynta ATP bilaabay kacaan horumarinta isboortiga, sahla soo jiitay tiro badan oo ah ciyaartooyda xirfadleyda ah oo doonaya in ay gaaraan meelaha dhaadheer.

Taariikhda qiimeynta bilaha ah

In 2013, qiyaasta weyn calaamadeeyay guuradii afartanaad oo abuurista nidaam sar ciyaartoyda tennis xirfadeed, taas oo goob joog ka ahaa Warkii Isboortiga. La aasaasay sanadkii 1972, Tennis Association Ragga (ATP) ee sannadka ka mid ah hawlaha ay si rasmi ah u sii daayay darajayn ee xirfadlayaasha sabab u ah xilli ciyaareed ah. On mishiinka tilmaamayaasha la tirin karo wayn 186 ciyaartoyda ayaa laga soo saarey, madaxa kaas oo uu ku qoran Ilie Nastase.

Muddo sanado ah nidaamka ayaa isbedelo yar yar: 2009, buriyey barbar tartanka rating horyaalka hadda jira, beddelay tirada dhibcaha-qabadka ee koobabka waa BS (Grand Slam), ay saamiga u dhexeeya guusha iyo finalka (75% ilaa 50%), la joojiyay "rating koobka" - gunno loogu tala guushii ay ka gaareen kooxda ay xafiiltamaan ee cad u sii weynaaday, fikradda guud ee koobabka waa "khasab", ka qayb ama non-qaybgalka taas oo ay jirto xisaab a of dhibcood. Badanaa weli tirtiridda subjectivity in gelitaanka si tartanka, taas oo soo jiidatay sport weyn abbaaraha laba kun ciyaaryahan tennis xirfadeed.

koobabka waa weyn ee

Natiijooyinka darajayn la cusbooneysiiyaa toddobaad kasta, 52 jeer xilli ciyaareedkan kulan, kaas oo ku dhammaada laga bilaabo Janaayo ilaa November. Soo Bandhigida sar ciyaaryahan tennis, ATP wareegay, sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, si ay u fuliyaan doorashada ee tartanka, taas oo, ee jeedo, sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin darajo u gaar ah. dhibcaha ugu badan ee aad kasban kartaa natiijo fiican ee koobabka waa BS (2000 guusha). Waxaa jira afar kaliya: Australian Open (January), France (May - June), UK (July - August), USA (August - September). Waayo, Isboorti ee ugu sareysa xaqiijiyo in arintaasi aysan oggolaan in aad isku dejiso oo wuxuu ku raaxaysan guulaha dhoocil.

The koobabka haray kala qaybsan yihiin tirada dhibcaha ugu badan ee suurtagal ah in guusha: ATP-250, ATP-500 iyo ugu qiimaha - ATP-1000. Wixii bilowga ah waxaa jira tartan (tartanka), guul ah oo horyaal aan la siin, laakiin dhibcood waxaa la siiyay, si ay u hagaajin kartaa kala horeynta. Sida laga soo xigtay natiijooyinkii xilli ciyaareedkan ee London lagu qabtay isku aadka final ee sideed ciyaaryahan ee ugu sareeya, oo ma aha oo kaliya muujinayaa guusha ee sannadka, laakiin sidoo kale ku darayaa dhibcood si ay rating hadda ka badan la wacay.

tartamada Team (Davis Cup) iyo Olympics oo ku saabsan qiimeynta bilaha ee ATP 2016 kama beddelayso.

goolasha

Goolasha qaadataa meel sida ay natiijada siddeed iyo koobabka. Haddii ciyaaryahan tennis ah inay ka qayb qaataan tartamada oo dheeraad ah, waxqabadka ugu xumaa ee kala horeynta ma heli doono. Waayo, ciyaartoyda oo ka mid ah 30 top leedahay sifooyinka waxaa lagu soo bandhigay in miiska.

Marka laga sababta ka qayb gelin tartan khasab ah, ciyaaryahan helo 0 dhibcood, taas oo horseedaysa hoos u dhac ku kala sareysiinta. Ugu danbeyntii waxaa xilli uu jiro beekhaamin: Points tennis si loo yareeyo faraqa u leh hogaamiyaha, haddii uu u dhaliyay in ka badan 4,000 dhibcood dhufto saameeye qaarkood. ratio ayaa waxaa loo xisaabiyaa by formula ah: K = 4000: K1, halkaas oo K1 - waa tirada dhibcaha uu ku guuleystay. Darajayn ATP kale oo ay bixisaa dhibcood shahaado sannadlaha ah. Ku guuleysiga BS tartanka xidhana in waxqabadka guul ciyaaryahan tennis ee sannadka soo socda, sida uu 2000 dhibcood la tirtiri doonaa oo bedelay lacagta kasbaday in tartan la mid ah in xilli ciyaareedka cusub.

Haweenka darajeeyo nidaamka

Haddii ay jiraan dad ATP darajayn, haweenka waxaa haga shuruudaha horumariyo by Professional League Haweenka (BTA) ee 1975. Waxay ka yara duwan kuwa dadka u. Points waxaa la siiyay oo ku saleysan kulan ku guuleystay tartanka kasta oo xirfad leh, tirada dhibcaha kuwaas oo wax yar ka yar ee ATP ku - 16. In qodobada labanlaabantay waxaa la siiyay kooxda oo aan ciyaaryahan u gaar ah, iyada oo ku filan in ay ka qayb qaataan 11 tartamada.

In dumarka, waxaa jira xayiraad on tartan "khasab": ciyaartoyda ka 10 ugu sareeya oo keliya ka qayb qaadan kartaa laba horyaal ee category caalamka. Goolasha ay dhacdo iyo tartamada oo hoos-taga horyaalka hiwaayadda ah. Waayo, jagooyinka ee darajayn ee gabadha loo baahan yahay sidoo kale inuu gool dhaliyo 10 dhibcood ama inuu u ciyaaro seddex koob. In booska ugu horeysay maanta waa American Serena Williams, kuwaas oo laga badiyay Australian Open xilli ciyaareedkan kaalinta labaad Angelica Kerber (Germany). Natiijada ugu wanaagsan ee Maria Sharapova Russia - 9. Top 30 ka mid ah saddex wakiil oo ka badan Russia - Svetlana Kuznetsova (13), Daahir Riyaale Pavlyuchenkova (27) iyo haweeeneydii (30 meel).

ATP ciidmada: xaaladda hadda

201 todobaadkii, ilaa iyo xagaaga 2016-ka uu noqon doono safka ugu horreeya ee miiska ciyaaryahan reer Serbia Novak Djokovic. BS ku guuleystay in Australia iyo Masters qiimaha ee Miami. Uu farqiga double on dhibcood tirada labaad (Endi Marrey, Great Britain) ku gaari lahaa heer sare sida.

ciyaaryahan tennis yar ee taariikhda this hoggaanka dheer qabtay. Swiss Roger Federer, ciyaaryahanka haatan iyo guusha dunida sar line saddexaad, - mid ka mid ah (302 asbuuc). Heer Athlete (SB 17 horyaal) weli fursad uu ku guulaysto in uu rikoor u gaar ah.

Waxaan galay sare boqol ciyaartoyda Russia Andrey Kuznetsov (45), Teimuraz Gabashvili (51), Evgeny Donskoy (67) iyo Mikhail Youzhny (73). Hogaamiyaha tennis qaranka waa natiijada ugu wanaagsan ee mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed.

nin ATP ayaa badisay rating ugu sareeya hadda bixiyaan seeding tartamada waaweyn, markaa si ay kordhaan madadaalada. ciyaaryahan Top hore ee Roobka tartanka la rijeynaya in ay ku kulmaan xafiiltanka ah oo kaliya in ay marxaladda quarterfinal. Waxaa barbaro on ciyaartii finalka ee koobka tirada taageerayaasha in loo baa'bin doonta horyaalka kubada cagta si ay u. Shan kun oo daawadayaal in garoonka daawashada hor imaad u dhexeeya Novak Djokovic iyo Endi Marreya ee ugu danbeysay ee horyaalka Australia, taas oo ah natiijo ah oo ATP siyaasadaha midig ee qiimeynta bilaha ah ee ciyaartoyda.