Asal ahaan nolosha on Earth, oo la xiqiijiyay iyo shaki

Maskaxda ugu fiican ee Qarniyadii hore iyo casriga ahayd iyo sii wadaan in ay ku doodi ku saabsan sida mid ka mid ah meerayaasha badan oo caalamka oo dhan waxaa suurto ah ee la abuuray oo noolaha. Xaqiiqada ah in arrintan - daran ee, cadaynaysay ee khuraafaadka iyo halyeeyadoodii badan, qaab gabay ku tilmaamay asal ahaan nolosha on Earth. Dabcan, tan iyo wakhtigii qadiimiga Masar oo Baabuloon qaadatay qarniyo badan, Dadka ayaa helay Alaabtoodii weyn oo cilmiga sayniska, laakiin su'aasha weli uu furan yahay. Iyo jahawareerka ku saabsan arrintan fuliyay weli farqiyo.

In kasta oo mala badan oo kala duwan, oo kulligood wada ahaa in la isugu keenaa karaa saddex fikradaha ugu muhiimsan ee asalka ah ee nolosha: creationism, aragti ah ee horumar iyo aragtida ah ee panspermia. Dabcan, tani waa qayb aad u caadiga ah ee mid kasta oo ka mid ah fikradaha ku jiraan badan oo dhaqdhaqaaqa, kuwaas oo midba midka kale isku Khilaafeen. Sidoo kale maanka ku hayo in taageerayaasha la xiqiijiyay in a aqbali karaan runta qayb ka mid ah fikradaha kale. Dhowr taagan la xiqiijiyay in qarnigan lama filaan ah oo ah waxyaalaha noolnool oo dabiici ah walax, iyo sidoo kale fikirka ah horumar lagmamaarmaanna, ka muujiyay in 20-mada ay qarnigii XX A.I.Oparinym saynisyahan Ruush ah.

Daymo Kooban aragtiyahan. Creationism - shaki, ugu qadiimiga ah iyaga ka mid ah oo aan. Wuxuu arkaa asal ahaan nolosha dhulka sida habka uunka Ilaah. The qoraallada Xurmaysan ee diimaha dunida ayaa sheegaya in dadkuba ku nool, si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida dunidu u qalab, la abuuray by Ilaah ama ilaahyo. In koorsada uu creationism asaasiga ah ma aqoonsan horumar iyo doorashada dabiiciga ah, oo rumaysan in dhammaan bani la abuuray mar iyo qaab kaas oo u muuqdaan maanta oo kaliya. Laakiin inta badan ku dhaggan ee aragtida ah ee asalka ah ee nolosha sida fal Ilaah qayb aqoonsan doonaa aragtida ah ee horumar ah ee noocyada.

Isla mar, Charles Darwin abuuray ilowsiin ka mid ah saffarro uu soo jeediyay in horumarinta nin oo ka mid ah dhammaan noocyada casriga ah ee dhirta iyo xayawaanka ayaa maray habka xulashada dabiiciga ah. noolaha ayaa lagu qasbay inuu la qabsado beddelo xaaladaha deegaanka iyo in umuuruhu. Sayidka, asal ahaan nolosha on Earth in ay raacaan waddada horumarka ka noolaha fudud kuwa adag oo dheeraad ah. Haddii aad la aragti ah "qoto dheer" sii, waa in aynu ka fikirno jiritaanka a "awoowe" Waayo, wax nool oo dhan.

Aragti Panspermia aragto asal ahaan nolosha on Earth iyadoo ay sabab u galaan ka bannaan hawada ee protozoa meeraha our. xiqiijiyay wuxuu ku salaysan yahay sifooyinka qaar ka mid ah ugu fudud ee unugyada si guul ah ka adkaan xagg sida xaaladaha noolaha sare sida ugu dhow in ay sixun eber heerkulka, vacuum buuxa iyo shucaaca. In fikrad this, waxaa sidoo kale waa meel barashada in noolaha ayaa si ula kac ah uga hartay meeraha by shisheeyaha, iyo nolosha in isku mar kacday iyadoo Bang Big ka - bilowga ah ee caalamka.

Dabcan, dhammaan fikradaha ku saabsan asalka ah ee nolosha on Earth leeyihiin meelo "xoog leh" iyo "daciif". Gabi ahaanba lagu beeniyay cilmiga uxuu samozarozhdayuschihsya (tusaale ahaan, ka hor inta loo maleeyey in duqsigu yihiin "dhashay" hilibka qurmay, iyo injirta timaha samozarozhdayutsya wasakh). Tijaabo lui Pastera disproved aragtida this. Oo ilaa iyo iminka ma jirto natiijada waxbarashada shaybaarka bilaabay Oparin iyo Haldane sii by biochemist Ingiriiska. saynisyahano waxay ku dooday in gacanta ugu fudud waajibo karo horumar xeryahooda carbon adag.