"Anti-badeednimada" sharciga ee Russia

Muhiim u ah Internet "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga ee Russia oo dhan u muuqday in 2013. Tan iyo markaas, wuxuu soo martay dhowr dib. Its korsato ayaa dhalisay dood guud oo af badan oo ku saabsan mustaqbalka ee World Wide Web oo lacag la'aan ah helaan macluumaad.

muuqaalka DULUCDA

Waa maxay "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga? Waa maxay sababta ay xukuumaddu u aqbali doono? faafidda internetka ayaa view oo dhan helitaanka macluumaadka. Marka network ayaa kaliya u muuqday in Russia, waxa aanu sharciyeeyo oo ahaa diyaar u ah stratum yar oo ah dadka isticmaala. The bixiyayaasha ugu horeysay u muuqday in Moscow ee 90s ka. ay xawaaraha link ahaa mid aad u yar yahay.

Waqti ka, warshadaha ayaa si weyn u horumarsan. ka shaqeeya mobile Major waxay bilaabeen inay bixiyaan adeeg internet. In ka eber sano Network noqday heli karo. Tani waxaa loo fududeeyey laba arrimood. Waa midda koowaade, guri kasta oo lahaa computer shakhsi gaar ah. Second, hoos u dhac ku yimid qiimaha adeegyada Internet.

Oo ay la socdaan lavinopodobnym dhagaystayaasha kordhaya on web waxay bilaabeen inay u muuqdaan content iyo aad u badan oo kala duwan: music, buugaag, filimo ... Dhab ahaantii, qof ayaa helay lacag la'aan ah si ay u helaan hantida aqooneed. Isbedelka suuqa ayaa dhaawici warshadaha lagu qoro, iyo wixii la mid ah. Heysata D. Xuquuqda, istuudiyaha iyo qorayaasha ayaa dhamaantood si isa soo taraysa u jeesanaynaa dadka Gobolka ay qaataan xaaladda "burcad badeedda." First, maxaa yeelay, lahjadda aan rasmi ahayn loo yaqaan dajinta sharci-darrada ah ee files. dheer Later qabto qaab-ka rasmiga ah ee caadiga ah. Sidaas daraaddeed magaceedii "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga.

farsamo quful

In 2013, ku xigeenadiisa State Duma bilaabay koox shaqo ee Guddiga Liaison iyo Isgaarsiinta. Its natiijada ahaa "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga. Oo wuxuu lahaa inuu u ogolaan xanibeen of sites, haddii content aan ruqsadda haysan dhexdeeda ku jira. Xaaladdan oo kale hindisaha iska haysta saxda ah. Haddii milkiilaha filimka waxaa soo baxday in site gaar ah waa hantida, waxaa tegey sharci-darro ah, ayuu codsan kartaa in meydadka gobolka ku haboon.

Markii hore waxaa la qorsheeyay in sharciga lagu dabaqo doonaa cayn kasta oo macluumaad ah oo ku saabsan internetka. Ka dib markii beddelka qaarkood, waxaa la go'aamiyay in la xadido codsiga ah ee xeerkan kaliya video content. Sannad ka dib, liiska cusub ee la ballaariyey. Xaaladdan oo kale waa in haystaha midig cadeeyo in uu - milkiilaha sheyga. Khilaafka la milkiilayaasha goobaha ay degeen maxkamadda. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, milkiilaha waa inay soo gudbiyaan codsi. Haddii milkiilaha lumiyo kiiska, waxa uu waajib ku ah inay bixiso lacag magdhow ah in milkiilaha goobta iyo in dhammaan dadka kuwaas oo khasaare sababta oo ah maxkamadda iyo xannibaad dhicis ah.

Roskomnadzor

Si aad u "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga runtii kasbadeen, hay'adda gobolka waxaa loo baahan yahay, kaas oo lagu hawlan lahaa in ka xanibeen goobood. Ujeedada this, waxaa la soo xulay Roskomnadzor, taas oo qeyb ka ah Wasaaradda Isgaarsiinta iyo Mass Communications of Russia.

Marka waxaa ah "burcad-badeednimada" sharciga, Service Federaalka ayaa helay dhammaan qalabkii lagama maarmaanka ah si ay u fuliyaan xanibeen goobaha muddo shan maalmood ah. Bilowgiiba hadda ma cada inta lacag ee loo baahan yahay si ay u bixiyaan maamulka la walba oo lagama maarmaan. Oo maalintii labaadna waxaa sharciga Roskomnadzor weydiistay 100 million rubles sano ah ee dagaalka ka dhanka ah burcad-badeednimada. Si aad u shaqeeyaan goobo hor istaagay abuuro unug gaar ah, kaas oo 25 shaqaale ah ayaa ka shaqeeya.

geliso sharciga ah

"Burcad-badeednimada" Ruush sharciga waxaa la qoray oo qaatay waqti aad u gaaban. June 6, 2013 dhowr xigeenadiisa of Duma State oo ka mid ah saddexda xisbi ee baarlamanka ka dhigay mashruuca loogu tixgeliyo. Doodda ku jiray muddo kooban ah. 21 June, "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga la ansixiyay akhriska saddexaad. qofka keliya ee u codeeyay isaga ka gees ah, wuxuu ahaa ku-xigeenka oo ka mid ah "Fair Russia" Dmitry Gudkov.

June 26 biilka uu ansixiyo Golaha Federation, oo horey u yahay July 2 waxaa ku saxiixnaa Madaxweynaha Ruushka Vladimir Putin. qodobada ay dhaqan galay 1dii August 2013.

Naqdiga in industry internetka

Xitaa ka hor "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga ee Ruushka dhaqan galay, waxaa dhaleeceeyay shirkadaha waaweyn ee internetka gudaha iyo dibadda ( "Yandex", Mail.ru, Google). Dadka ka soo horjeeda ee mashruuca ayaa sheegay in amar Roskomnadzor cusub ma aha oo kaliya Dhibayn heysata xuquuqda naftooda, laakiin sidoo kale waxay keeni in muuqaalka kore ee faafreebka internetka.

Sidoo kale ee "Yandex" waxaan xusay in ku xigeenadiisa waxay go'aansatay in ay qaataan heerarka cusub ee warshadaha oo dhan, iyada oo aan la tashan khubaro. Duma State ma uusan fal u khabiir iyo ra'yiga dadweynaha. shirkadaha Internet codsatay inay kansasho haddii aadan samayn, markaas ugu yaraan inuu wax ka beddelo "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga ee Russia.

In Google fadilay wargelinta dacwadda ka hor iyo ka saarida content. Dhibaatadu waxay ahayd in Roskomnadzor xannibi karaa goobta a, xataa iyada oo aan ogaysiinaya milkiilayaasha iyo aan lahayn waqtigii la saxo qaladka (saarista waxyaabaha aan ruqsadda haysan). Takhasuska ah "Yandex", iyo waxyaabo kale, ku daray in ay daboosho aagga oo dhan Macno ma sameeyneeyso. Laga soo bilaabo goobta uu noqdo mid ku furid karin iyo content in si buuxda u waafaqsan sharciga. Sidaa darteed, khubarada ayaa tilmaamay in sida ugu wanaagsan si loo joojiyo wax soo saarka ganaaxay xiriir toos ah in ay. Xaaladdan oo kale, inta kale ee content u saamayn kuma yeelan doono.

qufulada dagaal

Marka "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga ee Russia oo kaliya loo aqbali doonaa in Duma ah, khubaro badan warshadaha Internet sheegay in qufulka on the-IP address waa wax aan waxba tarayn. farsamo ee hawlgalkan waa in Roskomnadzor ma ka saari kara goobta iyo baabbi'in content Reebay, sidaas hay'adda xirmin users "albaabada" taasoo keentay in goobta. Taas waxa loo sameeyaa iyadoo la kaashanayo bixiyeyaasha adeegga Internet. Wadayaasha ka shaqeeya Russia, ogeysiiska gobolka in site gaar ah waxa ay hadda madow helaan. ISP waxaa ka xanibeen isticmaala gaadiidka ee doonaya in ay u soo booqdaan.

Laakiin site laftiisa, qiyaastaas oo kale ma yeelin. Waxa uu sii in ay ka shaqeeyaan ay server u gaar ah. Uu hab la mid dibadda laga furi karaa, halkaas oo awood kuma laha Roskomnadzor. Sidaa darteed, ka dib markii si degdeg ah ansaxinta sharciga ee qeybta Ruush ah oo Internetka ayaa noqotay kala duwan sii kordhaysa caanka ah ee hab farsamo ee Goldogob interlocks. Tusaale ahaan, anonymizer gaadiidka user si toos ah u-IP address waa dal kale. Sidaas darteed, qof kasta oo raba in download wax online, dhaaftaan kartaa qufulka si fudud.

The cawaaqib xun sharciga

In "Yandex" iyo Mail.ru sidoo kale la weydiiyay ku xigeenadiisa inay tixgeliyaan-aragnimo ah ee dalalka shisheeye ee dagaalka ka dhanka ah burcad-badeednimada. shirkadaha waxa ay go'aansatay in habab Roskomnadzor abuuro dhulka si xun iyo fal denbiyeedyadda. Tusaale ahaan, hay'adda xannibi karaa khayraadka ku dadaala. Xitaa haddii ay dhacdo by qalad, ma aad iyo xumaan, laga badiyay milkiilaha goobta la mid ah uu noqon doono.

Ruush Association of Electronic Communications soo bandhigay warbixin guud oo ku saabsan waxa ay ku hanjabtay in ay "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga ee Russia. Nuxurka of khasaaraha ay waa xaqiiqda ah in milkiilayaasha goobaha Ruush bilaabaan inay "guuraan" dalal kale. Taas waxa loo sameeyaa mid aad u fudud. Internet oo dhan waxaa loo qaybiyaa domains ay leeyihiin wadamo kala duwan. In Russia waa «.ru». Haddii milkiilaha "ku qaadi doonaan" khayraad si ay shuruud ".com", waxa ay noqon doontaa dhabar jab ah oo dheeraad ah si ay u dhan qeybta gudaha ee World Wide Web.

Khubarada ayaa la weydiiyey in ay sameeyaan wax ka beddel in smoothed lahaa xaglo ugu darnayd. In ay view, sharciga waa in aan ku xad waxyaabaha aasaasiga ah ee internet-ka oo lacag la'aan ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, ka-qaybgalayaashu suuqa Qaar waxay bilaabeen inay ka cabsadaan in xeerarka cusub noqon doontaa aalad si ay u xaliyaan dhibaatooyinka ganacsiga haysta xuquuqda gaarka ah taasoo lid ku ah milkiilayaasha goobaha.

reaction dadweynaha

goobaha badan oo online oo calaamad u ah khilaaf la nidaamka cusub ee ku meel gaar ah joojin ay maalintaas wax shuqul ah, marka galay ciidamada "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga ee Russia. Taariikhda Soo Wareegtay dokumentiga ahaa wadadii uu xoojinta ka mid ah ka qaybgalayaasha kala duwan ee shabakada dalwaddii. August 1, 2013 in ka badan kun goobood ayaa ineysan ay server. Dibad lagu qabtay jidadka. Sidaas darteed, "ayuu burcad Party of Russia" qabtay a baxyo yar, riwaayada ku yaal magaalooyinka waaweyn.

Internet The bilaabay ururinta saxiixyada dalwaddii for warqad codsi ah si maamulka. Sida ay xeerarka, in hindisaha maray in Duma Gobolka, waa in ay taageeraan ugu yaraan boqol kun oo qof. Tirada baahan yahay saxiixyada loo qaaday waa runtii in toddobaadyada ugu horeeya ka dib markii la ansaxiyo biilka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in kasta oo cawaaqib dareemi this initiative rayidka ah ku guuldareystay. Codsiga waxaa loo diiday in October 2013.

Korinta sharciga ahayd fursad ah in la isugu keeno taageerayaasha dagaalka ka dhanka ah content laysan lahayn. Sayidka, ugu weyn shaneemooyinka online dalka ayaa sameeyay urur lagu magacaabo "Internet Video". Ka qaybgalayaashu waxay ku heshiiyeen in ay si wadajir ah u qaadaan suuqa alaabta sharciga ah ee internetka - movies, taxanaha TV, iwm ...

"Qufulka weligeed ah"

Mid ka mid ah dhacdooyinka ugu resonant la xiriira korsashada sharciga ahaa "qufulka weligeed ah" portal ku torrent caan Rutracker.org. On this site, dhigay baxay content aad u kala duwan. The milkiilayaasha khayraadka sharcigii hor xiray files qaybinta, heysata xaq kuwaas oo ka cawday in ay ku meelaynta shabakadda.

In 2015, guriga daabacaadda waaweyn ah "Eksmo" gudbiyay dacwo Maxkamadda City Moscow ee. By go'aankeeda, goobta la xakameeyey. Publisher ubaahantahay in ku dhow 320,000 gacmaha, abuuray in ka badan toban sano jiritaanka of portal ah. Milkiilayaasha Site ku qaatay cod khayraadka ku dhex isticmaala. jawaab bixiyayaasha ayaa la weydiiyay sida ay ula xidhiidhaan isku xiro gacmaha. Sababta khilaafka u dhexeeya tracker iyo guriga daabacaadda noqday "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga ee Russia. Qodobka, ama halkii, tirada Law Federaalka 187, ayaa sheegay in goobta ay dhacdo of labo guuldarro oo maxkamadaha waa ah oo ka hooseeya "qufulka joogto ah" ku dhici.

Case "rutrekere"

"Qufulka weligeed ah" - ganaax ah oo ku saabsan helitaanka goobta oo dhan, ma ahan oo keliya kuwa qalabka kaas oo la helay laysan lahayn. Laakiin sida mamnuuc noocan oo kale ah waa ka caadiga ah ka duwan? Xaaladaha hore, Roskomnadzor celinta helaan websites haddii milkiilayaasha ay saaro content burcadnimo ah.

Rutracker.org hanjabay ganaax waqti kuma xad. Users goobta ay guushu ku haysashada wax lagu muransan yahay. January 19, 2016 khayraadka uu ku dhacay a "qufulka joogto ah". Ilaa maalintaas, goobta waxaa soo booqday by dhowr ah maalin kasta, malaayiin users. Waxa ay ahayd goobta Russia ugu weyn ee noociisa ah.

dadka isticmaala Internet ka dhanka ah Roskomnadzor

Sheekada oo ka mid ah "rutrekere" si cad u tusay waxa a "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga ee Russia. Waxa laga hirgeliyey ama aan dukumentigan? Haa, durbadiiba waxaa ciidanka ee qeybta dhan Ruush ah oo Internetka. "Rutrekere" noqday mid ka mid ah khasaaraha uu ugu weyn.

Marka xiran, tirada dadka isticmaala oo booqday goobta, ku dhacay dhowr jeer. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhagaystayaasha si deg deg ah isaga addoonsada qalabka si ay u horjoogsadaan reebay ka Roskomnadzor. dhowr toddobaad gaadiidka on goobta dib ugu qiimaha asalka ah gudahood (quful). Intaa waxaa dheer, "rutrekere" heysata copyright Reebay inaad rafcaan ka gacanta. Ka dib markii in, goobta ayaa la dhacsan yihiin content sharci-darrada ah, kaasoo uu kula diriray "dagaallanka burcad-badeednimada" sharciga.

diiwaanka piratical

Users khayraadka kale ayaa sidoo kale ku soo kor hab u gaar ah soo horjeedo go'aanka Roskomnadzor leh. Waxa intaa dheer in video, soo diyaariyeen weyn ee macluumaad waxaa lagu afduubtey files audio. bakhaar weyn ee music ee qeybta Ruush ah oo Internetka waa shabakad bulsho "VKontakte". Her hoggaanka ayaa had iyo jeer la raaci tilmaamaha of Roskomnadzor iyo wax ka qabashada cabashooyinka sitaa xaq, kuwaas oo la dhigay diiwaanka dhagaystayaasha bogagga ay.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadka isticmaala shabakadaha bulshada, iyo sidoo kale in ay dhacdo "rutrekere" helay hab lagu garab xannibaadda, taasoo keentay halganka gobolka ka dhanka ah burcad-badeednimada. Dadka download music, waxay bilaabeen inay magaca song si nidaamka aan go'aan ka gaari kara in file waa tusaha ah waxyaalaha aan habboonayn. Sidaas darteed, shabakada bulshada mar kale daadadku wax burcadnimo ah.