Waa maxay processor a?

Kombiyuutarka waa adag ah oo ka mid ah aaladaha kala duwan daro hal unug via bas (waxtar u leh qaybaha gudaha). Tusaale ahaan, mid ka mid ah computer ka mid ah xasuusta, processor, video adabtarada, iyo si bixi. Sifooyinka ay loo ogaado waxqabadka final guud iyo awoodaha. Mid ka mid ah qaybaha ugu muhiimsan waa unugga processing dhexe. Mararka qaarkood waxaad ka heli kartaa uu magac kale: (. Eng Central Processing Unit - unit aasaasiga ah ee Kombuyuutarada) processor, boqolleyda, dhagax.

Waa maxay processor ah marka la eego user celceliska? By eegtahay la jidhka bini'aadamka la barbar dhigi karaa boqolkiiba ka mid ah maskaxda. Waxaa qabata oo dhan xisaabaat xisaabta, iyo qayb ahaan waxay bixisaa dhexgalka u dhexeeya qaybaha ku. Jir ahaan, processor waa chip ugu weyn in la geliyo ee booska a gaarka ah ee motherboard ah. Inside waxa ku jira wareeggeedii macquulka adag oo dhowr billion transistors. Dadka xiiseynaya su'aasha "waxa processor» ah, diyaar go'aan ka gaari kara processor in ay waxyaalo kale oo gudaha ah. Ka dib oo dhan, waxaa had iyo jeer waa nidaamka qaboojinta firfircoon: waaweyn saxanka kulaylka biraha iyo taageere. Baahida iyaga u sabab u ah xaqiiqada ah in isticmaalka chip ee korontada inta badan waa tobanaan watts. Small dusha jejebinta mugga iyo hogaanka si awood sare processor jirka kululaynta oo u baahan qaboojinta.

saarayaasha processor duwan go'aan su'aal kululaynta: mid naqshadaha filaayo, samaynta nidaamyo si gab blocks aan la isticmaalin, hoose danab kale korontada iyo waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo soo saaro guulihii ugu dambeeyay ( "khafiif ah" technology-socodka), iwm Currently, ee "Ciyaartoyda" ugu weyn ee suuqa ee Processor dhexe. desktops iyo laptops jira laba shirkadood - Intel iyo AMD. Iyadoo la raacayo, inta kale ee kaabayaasha la waafajiyo sifooyinka alaabta ay.

Inta badan su'aasha ah "waxa processor» siin si caddaalad ah guud jawaabaha. Tani waxaa lagu sharaxi karaa mid aad u fudud: Haddaba erayga "processor" ayaa lahaado macnaha ballaadhan tahay "qayb ka mid ah computer ah." Sidaas daraaddeed, in kasta taleefanka gacanta casriga ah ayaa unug u qabata xisaabta - waxaa sidoo kale processor a. Xitaa milkiilayaasha of alaabta lagu ciyaaro carruurta la maareeyey ee waa mid waxtar leh in la ogaado waxa processor ah, maxaa yeelay, waxay sidoo kale soo bandhigi unug xisaabeed.

Sida iska cad, in aan loo arkaa mabda 'hawlgalka ee processor ka, si ay u fahmaan sifooyinka guud ee uu shaqada wax aan macquul aheyn. Barnaamijka gacanta hawlgalka processor. Iyagu waa nooc ka mid ah tilmaamaha processor ka, ku qoran luqad barnaamij kasta. Sida aadanaha u hadla, barnaamijka Calan nidaamka saxda ah. Qof walba xusuustaa ama ugu yaraan maqlay oo ka mid ah luqadda barnaamijyada aasaasiga ah. In u, si ay u soo jiidi goobo shaashadda waxaa looga baahan yahay si ay u qabtaan Circle amarka (wadataa) a. mabaadi'da casriga ah ee barnaamijka isku mid: hawsha si ay u abuuraan koox ka mid ah luqadaha barnaamijyada. Marka aad barnaamijka on computer ah decoder a software gaar ah kuweeda amarka luqadda loo isticmaalo code mishiinka for processing toos ah processor ah. code Tani - binary, matalaa isku xigxiga oo ka mid ah kuwa iyo eber. Qaar badan ma fahmi karo sababta ay waxaa la go'aamiyay in la isticmaalo nidaamka binary, halkii ay sida caadiga ah ku tobanlaha. Dhab ahaantii, wax kasta oo lagu sharaxay aad u fudud: jajabka si fudud amarrada soo gudbin karaan si ay isu transistors ah. Tusaale ahaan, tan iyo markii aynu ka hadlayno qalab digital, waad qiyaasi kartaa tirada "1" sida joogitaanka danab ku saleysan transistor gaar ah, iyo "0" - sida uu maqan yahay. Iyadoo la raacayo, ee qofkii ugu horreeyey ee, transistor waa la furi waxayna hadda maraa laftiisa loo marayo, iyo labaad - xiran (of course, oo dhan fududeeyey iyo hannaanka a of Boos).

Heerka dil oo ka mid ah tilmaamaha barnaamijka ay go'aamiso xawaaraha processor ah. Tani waxaa saameyn ku Architecture, inta jeer ee circuitry gudaha ee shaqada, optimizing code ee.