Svir River, kalluumaysiga, sawir iyo taariikhda

Svir River mara qayb waqooyi-bari ee gobolka Leningrad ee u dhow soohdinta reer Karelia ah. Waa qayb ka mid ah biyaha Volga-Baltic waa.

Description ee jirka biyaha

Gobolka Svir River Leningrad xanbaarsan biyihii Lake Onega (loosoo u dhow tuulada) laga bilaabo bari ilaa koonfur-galbeed. Ka dib markii 33 km wuxuu la barwaaqaysan galay daataan Iwinski, ka dibna la soo dhaafay magaalada iyo tuulada Svirstroy Sviritsa - Lake Ladoga. On webiga, laba unit qaybinta biyaha dhisay - Nizhnesvirsky iyo Verhnesvirsky. Waxay jirka biyaha qaybi saddex qaybood: awgiis Swir (oo dhererkeedu yahay 95 km), Dhexdhexaad Swir (45 km) oo Swir hoose (80 km).

meelo

Svir River mara saddex degmo, on qararka fidiyey magaalooyin badan, magaalooyinka iyo tuulooyinka. Tusaale ahaan, degaanka ee Podporozhsky deriskeeda loosoo Yannavalok, Nimpelda, Krasny Bor, Vyazostrov, Gakruchey, Muir, Plotichno, Ostrechino, Pidma, Myatusovo, Upper Mandrogi, Podporozhye, Uslanka iyo Hevronino; degaanka Lodeinopolsky - Svirstroy, Harevschina, Brooks Hill, Lodeynoye Pole, Gnilnoe Konev iyo Shotuksa Hoose; degaanka Volkhov - Sviritsa iyo Bird Island.

The addoommo ugu weyn

Sariirta ee jirka biyaha ku qubanayo ka badan 30 webiyaasha, iyo kuwa ugu muhiimsan yihiin Pavel, Vazhinka, Ojat, Ivin iyo Yandeba. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waa navigable. addoommo Left - Yanruchey, Kuzra, Toiba, Meldusa, Svyatukha, Kiselyovka, jaha-wareerka, Yandeba, Pehtega, Yanega, Mungan, Pudanka, Kanomka, Shamoksha, Zaostrovka, Shakshozerka, Shotkusa, Pasha iyo Oyat. addoommo Right - Shavreka, Muromlya, Pidemka, Pidma, Ivin, Uslanka, Mandrogi, Segezha, Tenzeya, Negezhma, ore Vazhinka, Irvinka, Syarba, Ostrechinka, Korelka iyo Fox.

Muuqaalka guud ee dhulka, ciidda iyo Dhirta

Svir River (photo soo bandhigay article caawin doono akhristaha si ay u fahmaan oo dhan quruxda ay) waxay dhacdaa inta badan ee dhulka hoose, kuwaasi oo ay ku yaalaan biyaha glacial ee la soo dhaafay oo qoto dheer. The qeybaha hoose ee jirka biyaha waxa uu ku yaalaa on dooxada Ladoga ah. Riverbed asymmetrically: addoommo bidix ay intaba ka badan midig. meelaha ciidda ku wareegsan inta dhoobo iyo swampy, mararka qaarkood bacaadka ah iyo qayb ka mid dhagax ah. bangiyada Webiga yihiin ku dhowaad meel kasta baxda la kaynta iyo ku xoortay, mararka qaarkood ay dhacdo iyo Dhirta oo berrin bannaan.

Itobiya biyaha

Swir River leeyahay dherer of 224 km. Sarajooggeeduna waa at isha 35 m, afka - 4,84 m biyo socodka heerka -. 785 m ³ / s. Width oo dhan kala duwan tahay 100 mitir ilaa 10-12 kilomitir (Iwinski daataan). Biyaha taliskii webiga sanadka xataa dhan. About 80 boqolkiiba uu hoos u dhaco qaybsanyahay on Lake Onega. ciidda wuxuu ka kooban yahay inta badan dhagaxyada iyo dhoobo, qaar ka mid ah meelaha - ciid iyo waxyabaha. meelo badan oo ku saabsan Svir la badan yihiin a of hoose dhagax. In qaybta dhexe ee jirka biyaha u noqon Rapids, laakiin ka dib markii dhismaha saldhigyada xoogga Cascade ayaa daadadku isticmaalo. Haddaba, oo dhan sariirta ay ku waddo-biyo gun dheer loo abuuray.

Ice on Svir soo baxdo iyadoo ku xiran xaaladaha cimilada waqtiga of 3-6 bilood ah. Marxaladaha ay formation iyo furitaanka goobaha kala duwan ay sabab u tahay sifooyinka gaarka ah ee socodka kala duwanaayeen. baraf First sameeyay November iyo December, oo wuu dhalaaliyaa ee April iyo May. In sano diiran, iyo sidoo kale meelaha ay hadda xoog leh, cover joogtada ah aan la abuuri karaa.

Svir River: Kalluumaysiga

Tani waxay jidhka oo biyo ah waa Jannada ah iyo kuwo kalluumaysiga. Waxay hoy u tahay salmon, bream, Kuub, Grayling, Pike, minnow, bixisaa, kaluun, baran-, catfish, burbot, iyo noocyada kale oo badan. Sannadka oo dhan on webiga ka mamnuuc inay soo qabtaan whitefish, halka noocyada kale waxaa loo ogol yahay in ay kalluumaysto kaliya ee u dhow ee degsiimooyinka. Taageerayaasha of noocyada kalluunka salmon ugaarsiga waa in ay ogaadaan in kalluumaysiga loo ogol yahay:

- From afka meesha xaddidan ee pyatisotmetrovoy Hoose HPP. hoose iyo birtiina kalluumaysiga The qabto - iyada oo aan xad wakhti. Kalluumaysiga loo fur mamnuuc ka October in November iyo bartamihii bishii May ilaa bartamaha bisha June.

- Inta Svir ah, marka laga reebo meelaha ay mamnuuc ka mid ah biyo-xireenno iyo buundooyinka - Iceland burbot kalluumaysiga laba trammel odnogorlovymi (dhererka waa in aan ka badnayn laba mitir, iyo dhexroor ee hoop ah - nus mitir).

- xidheenka Hoose xireenada ka dibna si guud oo dhan Kor. Kalluumaysiga dabbaashaan kaliya sabeyn leh wax ka badan toban iyo qabsatooyinkoodiiba, oo aan xad wakhti.

- From afka si Alekhovschina ah .. Kalluumaysiga waa la ogol yahay ee birtiina qabto xad la'aan taariikhda iyo madasha. Zherlitsy - wax ka badan shan halbeeg oo kalluumaysato kasta la barafku baraf iyo ka hor inta ugu horeysay ee June.

Dalxiiska iyo Madadaalada

Svir River (map Gobolka Leningrad caawin doonaa si loo ogaado wadada qof kasta oo danaynaya) waa mid xiisa leh ma kalluumaysiga oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale soo jiidashada dalxiiska ay. Tusaale ahaan, in qeybaha hoose ee jirka biyaha waxa uu ku yaalaa Nizhnesvirsky Reserve. Intaa waxaa dheer, webiga Svir loo yaqaan oo ay Storozhenskiy Light. In muddo xagaaga-dayrta waa maraakiibta aad u firfircoon, rakaabka iyo gaadiidka xamuulka. On addoommo ah Pasha iyo Oyat aqado alwaax socday.

Svir River taariikhda

Svir waa saddexaad ka dib markii webiga caanka ah Neva iyo Volkhov in qayb ka mid ah waqooyi-galbeed ee Russia ka. ma dhex mari dhan doonyaha ee tuulada Kizhi iyo Mandrogi. In times pre-Markos Svir ma ahaa ganacsiga iyo gaadiidka xarun weyn, laakiin ay kaalin muuqata u korortay tan iyo bilowgii dagaalkii Waqooyi. Mid ka mid ah degsiimooyinka ugu muhiimsan oo caan ku ah xilligii uu ahaa tuulada Sunday. Waxay ku taalaa xaq u socda si ay isha ugu webiga, halkaas oo wuxuu la barwaaqaysan baxay Lake Onega. Magaciisa quruxda badan ee tuulada waxaa waajib ku ah in loosoo keniisad, dhisay halkan qarnigii shan iyo tobnaad. Waxa uu socday saddex boqol oo sannadood. Aan ka fogayn keniisad ahaa tuulada kalluumaysiga yar - Svirsky Afka. In 1810 Mariinsky channel ayaa la bilaabay, taasoo keentay in tuulada ayaa koray si heer tuulo weyn, oo waxaa loo baxshay loosoo. Halkan ka gudubno bay doonniyihii weyn ee dekedda mood ay qaybiyaa in farsamada dhexdhexaad ah oo yar yar ah, oo iyaga gaadiid magaalooyinkii dalka webiga. Labada bangiyada ayaa damacsan la wharves, tas-dejinta, saf oo bakhaaro, iyo maqsinnadiinna. By dhammaadkii qarnigii sagaal iyo horumarinta ee navigation waxaa jiray dayactir markab yard. Tan iyo bilowgii Dagaalkii Sokeeye tuulada dhalaa magaca markaas Sands Namoynye, waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay qaataan Maraakiibta ilaalo qaybinta, iyo sidoo kale iyaga siiyaan ka hortagga ah hubinta xaaladda farsamo iyo fuliyaan dayactirka loo baahan yahay. Maanta, magaalada this aan loo yeedhin muhiim ah oo dekedda weyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xarunta dayactirka weli halkan jooga. Tan iyo bilowgii dhismaha Upper kayd Svirsky tuulooyinka waaweyn iyo kuwa yaryar on Sunday iyo in Podporozhie xeebta iska dhaqaaqay, t. Si aad. Waxay galay zone daadkii dhacay. Annagu ma taaban, oo kaliya kuwa ku yaalaan on top of xigtaa buur.

indhaha socotada

Gudbinta tuulada Krasny Bor, Svir webiga qaybiyaa laamo dhowr, hareerayn yar, jasiiradda yar yahay. The ugu weyn iyaga ka mid ah, ilaa shan kilomitir, waxay leedahay magac qurux badan Ivankoostrov. Maraakiibta Motor had iyo jeer waxay xoodaan ku wareegsan dhanka bidix, midabka xeebaha dhagax. Sii ballaarin Svir iyo marayaa jasiiradda soo socda ee labada dhinac - Vyazostrov. Ku xiga biyaha mar kale ku milmaan socodka caadi ah. Next, webiga aad u cidhiidhi, iyo foomamka ah "cunaha". Laakiin ka dambeeya waxaa loo doortay inay expanses daataan Svir Ivenskogo. Halkan, webiga gaadho width a of 12 kiiloomitir. Markii hore, waxa uu ahaa weysada u gudubno sameeyay inta lagu guda jiro Age Ice ah. Gudbinta daataan ah, webiga mar cidhiidhi iyo socodka line toos ah ku dhawaad qumman yahay. Halkan, on bangiga midig ku taala meeshii laga soo qoday Rivne, caanka ku ah ay quartzite guduud mugdi. Next, webiga maratay jirsado in koonfur-galbeed, oo mar kale la barwaaqaysan in xariiq toosan, oo marayay tuulada Plotichno kalluumaysiga loo yaqaan kaynta odayga. Svir dhameeyo waddadiisa biyihii Lake Ladoga.