State Museum of Architecture. Shchusev: dalxiisyada, qiimaha, tigidhada

Shchusev State Museum of Architecture ee Moscow - museum ugu horeysay ee dunida ka mid ah maadooyinka la mid ah. Waa maxay taariikhda machadkan u gaar ah? Oo waa inaad waxa xiiso leh arki kartaa isaga? Read oo ku saabsan dambe ee qodobkan.

Taariikhda iyo madxafka oo aasaas

Fikradda in la abuuro wax u eg in ay ahayd in hawada dhamaadka qarnigii XIX ah, marka Muscovites bilaabay inuu eegno cusub ee dhaxalka taariikheed, dhaqan iyo naqshadda ee magaalada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in ay ogaadaan this qorshe weyn ee nolosha ay ahayd oo keliya in 1934, oo markii matxafka waxaa la aasaasay. Isla mar ahaantaana waxaa la aasaasay by Academy of Architecture ee USSR. Inta badan soo bandhigaa ka dibna galiyey cathedral ee keniisad Donskoi ah.

Laakiin markaas yimid dagaalkii Great Patriotic, dhamaadka kaas oo, in October 1945, matxafka helay ay dhalashada labaad. The bilaabaha iyo agaasimaha ugu horeeya ee ay kaliya noqday Aleksey Viktorovich Schusev. Laakiin waxa uu gool duwan arkay matxafka mustaqbalka. In fekerkiisa, waxay ahaayeen in dadka la aqoonta naqshadda iyo waayo-aragnimo. Taasi waa, hay'ad waa in aan u adeegin khubaro shaqsi, laakiin tiro balaadhan oo ah dadka caadiga ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu Museum of Architecture. Shchusev waxa uu noqonayaa saldhig cilmi awood badan. By habka, magaca uu helay 1949, ka dib markii dhimasho naqshadeeyaha ugu weyn ee. Wax yar ka dib, 60 sano, bandhiga gayiga keniisad Donskoy ahaa laanta matxafka, oo ku yaalla on talyzinykh Vozdvizhenka Manor.

Iyadoo burburkii Museum USSR ee Architecture. Shchusev bilaabay in aan la kulmi ugu fiican ee jeer. Oo qaar badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka soo food by hay'adda in ay 90s hore, aan la xalin iyo haatan. Sidaas darteed, waxaa soohdinta reer keniisad Donskoy ku soo noqday si ay u Church Orthodox Ruush, iyo a museum ururinta weyn tahay jidh ahaan wax aan macquul aheyn in meel qol on Vozdvizhenka. Ka sokow dhismaha ugu weyn ee hay'adaha muddo dheer oo u baahan dayactir weyn.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shaqaalaha matxafka si dhab ah ayaa aaminsan in dhibaatooyinka oo dhan la xalliyo doonaa, oo sidaas daraaddeed waxay ku waddaa inay si firfircoon iyo fruitfully noqon.

Bandhigyo iyo waxqabadyada ugu waaweyn

Museum of Architecture. Shchusev shaqeeyaan maanta dhowr jiho. kuwaas oo:

• shaqada sayniska iyo cilmi-baarista;
• ururinta artifacts;
• ka qayb hawlaha dib u soo celinta ;
• Ururka of Bannaanbaxyada iyo bandhigyo,
• hawlaha dalxiiska.

Waxaa hoogtay, bandhiga ugu weyn, tiradoodu ka badan tahay hal milyan oo xarumaha lagu kaydiyo, ayaa maanta aan la shaqeeya ay sabab u la'aan meel bannaan. museum waxaa si firfircoon sameeyay bandhigyo ku meel gaar ah oo kaliya. Visitors gaar jeclaan garabka of "baabba '", kaas oo si joogto ah u qabanqaabisaa bandhigyo xiiso leh.

dad kala duwan oo isku mar uu madax Museum of Architecture. Shchusev. Agaasimaha hay'adda tan iyo sannadkii 2010, musharax ee naqshadaha Irina Korobina, waa si firfircoon ugu lug naftiisa iyo horumarinta.

Alexey Shchusev - waa kan?

Shchusev Museum of Architecture magacaabay ka dib markii ay agaasimaha hore iyo dhise caan ah. Aleksey Viktorovich Schusev (1873-1949) - a dhise Soviet tayo iyo Moldavian, heleen afar Stalin Abaal (mid ka mid ah - uu Ottawa degenaa). Wuxuu ku dhashay howsha garsooranimo. sano ee 1891-1897 oo dhan uu bartay St. Petersburg ee Academy Imperial ee Arts. macalimiinta waxay ahaayeen Ilya Repin iyo Leontiy Benua.

In sanadaha hore Shchusev wada jir ah ula qadiimiga ah booqday Samarkand iyo sahaminta soo jiidashada degaanka ee magaalada qadiimiga ah. safarka Tani ayaa waxaa lagu dhuftay dhise ee mustaqbalka oo waxaad calaamad ku tagay uu shaqada mustaqbalka oo dhan.

Shuqulkiisa ugu weyn wuxuu ahaa dib u dhiska macbudka hore ee XII qarnigii magaalada Yukreeniyaan Ovruch. Naqshadle maxaa yeelay, naftii ka soo shaqeeyay kala duwan Hababka (casri ah, constructivism, Art Deco) iyo in la abuuro daraasiin dhismayaasha quruxda badan ee qaybaha kala duwan ee Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore. mashaariicda uu ugu muhiimsan macbudka tuulada Natalevka (Ukraine), ka mid ah saldhiga tareenka Kazansky ee Moscow, V. I. Lenina Gorod, dhismaha tiyaatarka ee xidshiidha, Moscow saldhigga metro "Komsomolskaya-Ring" iyo kuwa kale. Intaa waxaa dheer, Shchusev horumartay mashaariicda dib u soo celinta wada baabbi'iyey intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii labaad World magaalada - garsooranimo, Tuapse, Veliky Novgorod.

Museum of Architecture. muxaadarooyin Shchusev

Matxafka si joogto ah u qabanqaabisaa muxaadarooyin, bixiya khubarada fiican oo duurka ku ah arrimaha naqshadda. Muxaadarooyin Museum Shchusev waxay ku sii dhisnaatay 1934, waxaana uu xitaa soo shaqeeyay intii uu socday dagaalka.

Maanta, hoolka ku qalabeysan yahay qaab ee garabka ka mid ah matxafka, loo yaqaan "baabba". Waxa uu awoodaa inuu meel boqolaal visitors. muxaadarooyin waxaa laga heli karaa si faahfaahsan iyadoo mid ka mid ah Hababka naqshadda ama baari su'aal gaar ah oo ku saabsan naqshadda dhismaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, ee Museum of Architecture. Shchusev joogto ah oo la kulmay injineero caan ah, labada Ruush ah iyo kuwa shisheeye.

Qof kasta oo aad doorato, isaga nafsaddiisa u format doonayo ee booqashada: sidoo kale waxa ay noqon doontaa booqashada hal mar, ama aad ka iibsan kartaa Times ah koorso buuxda oo muxaadarooyin. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah waxaa la qabtaa waqti ku haboon booqashada: at 19:00 maalmaha shaqada, iyo maalmaha fasaxa, at 16:00. Si aad u dooratid koorso ku haboon ee muxaadarooyin, iyo sidoo kale aad u ogaato qiimaha ay noqon kartaa website-ka rasmiga ah ee matxafka.

Museum of Architecture. Shchusev: dalxiisyada

museum ayaa sidoo kale diyaar u yahay in ay bixiyaan dhammaan kagama uu safarro ay. Oo waxay noqon kartaa safar gudaha iyo sidoo kale ka baxsan - on waddooyinka iyo meelaha wareegga ah ee magaalada. kala duwan ee ay bixiyaan adeegyada ay ka mid joogto ah u koraya.

Matxafka, sida caadiga ah, ayaaba tours ee Moscow isbuucaan. Tikidhada waxaa qiimahoodu dhan 300 rubles, (waayo, qaybaha mudan ee ka mid ah muwaadiniinta - 150 rubles).

Maanta waa mid aad loo jecel yahay waa kuwan soo socda tours mowduuc:

• "Wejiga kowaad ee dhulka hoostiisa Moscow ee."
• "The style naqshadda ee magaalada."
• "Naqshadaha wax-uqabso ee luuq luuqyada ah ee Arbat" iyo kuwa kale.

Booqashada matxafka: qiimaha iyo tikidhada

Museum of Architecture. Shchusev waa la booqan karaa at: wadada Vozdvizhenka, guriga 5 (ku talyzinykh hore estate). Samee safarka hay'ad cajiibka ah waxay noqon kartaa maalin kasta (marka laga reebo Isniinta) ka 11:00 si 20:00. Si aad u hesho galay maktabadda cilmi ama waaxda archive waa in ay pre-duubo.

tigidhka galo in matxafka kharash 250 rubles. Waayo, qaybaha qaar ka mid ah muwaadiniinta dhimis. Waxaa ka mid ah ardayda iyo dadka hawlgabka ah, kuwaas oo ka soo iibsan kartaa tigidh keliya 100 rubles. Laakiin carruurta iyo ardayda, ardayda ee u gaarka ah naqshadda, iyo sidoo kale soo galo gebi ahaanba bilaash ah shaqaalaha of matxafyada ee Russia.

Sidoo kale in matxafka waxaad booqan kartaa mid ka mid ah muxaadarooyin ku bixiyeen. Waxaa kici doona 200 rubles. Waxaad dalban kartaa oo buuxi koorso of muxaadarooyin ku saabsan mawduuc gaar ah. Times Tani waxay ku kici doonaa 900 1800 rubles.

Dib u eegidda badan oo dalxiisayaal at Museum Shchusev shaqeeyaan shaqaalaha iyo safar aad u karti iyo wacan Hanuuniyaa. Sidaas waxa uu booqasho xaqiiqo keeni doonaa dareenka kaliya mid fiican.

guriga Melnikov

Leeyihiin hay'addan laan cajiib ah. Tani waxa loogu yeero Golaha Museum Melnikova, heegan u ah nolosha iyo shaqada dhise Moscow ee Viktor Melnikov. Waa in guriga qoyska ah naqshada ah - in ka dhistay guri ee labaataneeyada of style avant-garde gaarka ah ee ay design. Waxay ka kooban yahay laba dhululubada ah meelaha dhaadheer oo kala duwan, kuwaas oo qayb ahaan gundhig mid kale. Tani waa mid ka mid ah dhismayaasha ugu aan caadi ahayn oo dhan ee Moscow.

Museum Melnikov House waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 2014. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka hor in la ixtiraamo dhismaha uu ka dhacay dagaal dhanka sharciga dheer oo dhex maray gobolka iyo dhaxla naqshadeeyaha ugu. Its ugu sarreysa ay gaartay xagaagii 2014, markii dhaxleyad iyo maayso Viktora Melnikova ayaa isku xidheen dhismaha.

Gebogebadii

Gaar Museum State muuqo of Architecture. Shchusev, la aasaasay 1934, oo maanta soo jiidata dareenka dalxiisayaal badan. The martida ee magaalada Ruush waa in si xaqiiqo ah u soo booqan. Halkan, iyo kuwo naqshadaha iyo taariikhda soo ban dhigi doonaa wax badan oo xiiso leh!