"Russobalt" baabuurka: taariikhda tirada brand iyo model ah. Baabuurta "Russo-Balt": caddaymaha, dib u milkiilayaasha

Oo waxaad ogaan waxa uu ahaa gaari ugu horeysay ee Russian? Dad badan oo aan xataa war. Maanta waxaan eegto brand baabuurta "Russobalt", taas oo la odhan karaa waa horyaal dhabta ah ee warshadaha ee baabuurka Ruush.

prehistory

Gaadhiga ugu horeysay la engine sari a in dhulka Empire Ruush ah waxay dalka soo galeen 1891 fog. Waxa uu ahaa gaari ee shirkadda French "Panhard Levassor." Waxaa iska Tifaftiraha "Odessa Gazette" Vasiliyu Navrotskomu.

In St. Petersburg, baabuur ugu horeeyay ee u muuqday sanadkii 1895, iyo in Moscow - in 1899.

The baabuurta wax soo saarka ugu horeysay dhisay Empire Ruush ah, wuxuu ahaa model ah Frese iyo Yakovlev bandhigay dadweynaha ee 1896. Laakiin baabuur this ma keenaan xiisaha wareegyada rasmi ah.

Engine iyo gudbinta lagu sameeyey Warshadda Yakovlev, jiifku ah oo giraangiraha sameeyey Warshadda Frese. dibadda iyo isfaham wax model Labada ahaa mid aad u la mid ah baabuur Benz ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, rajada ee mashiinada waxay ahaayeen. Halkaa marka ay marayso, ma waxaa loo yaqaan sida qaar badan oo ka mid ah ayaa baabuurta soo saaray, laakiin sheekada ahaa mid aad u gaaban. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in 1898, Evgeny Yakovlev dhintay. First, xaaskiisa Peter Frese iibsaday matoorrada dibadda, laakiin markaas go'aansaday in ay iska iibiyaan oo ay xoog warshad carload Ruush-Baltic. At shirkadaan kaliya baabuurta, laakiin sidoo kale farsamo miyiga, iyo sidoo kale on diyaaradaha matoorada shito aan sameeyey. Warshad ahaa mid aad u ballaaran oo lahaa xafiisyo ku leedahay magaalo oo kala duwan: Riga, Tver, St. Petersburg iyo dambe ee Moscow iyo Taganrog.

The lagu daydo ugu horeysay

waaxda Road geedka sameeyay 1908 ee Riga. Oo xataa baabuurta ugu horeysay "Russobalt" muuqday May ee sanadka soo socda. waxaa gaariga abuuray by noocooda la aqoon waayo wareegyada kala duwan ee model ah Belgian "Sanduuqa". In la abuuro of version a Ruush ahaa naqshadeeye Belgian Zhalen Potter. khubaro qoyska, kuwaas oo Ivan Fryazinovsky iyo Dmitry Bondarev sidoo kale kaalin badan horumarinta gaariga. shaqada Iskuxidhka of gudomiyaha ah ee samaynta keentay in la sii daayo taxane ah oo mashiinada. Waxay ka koobnayd baabuurta - B-12, C-24 iyo E-15 - iyo xamuulka - T-40, M-24, D-24 - gawaarida. The model ugu caansan ayaa helay a C-24. Taasi waxa lagu tiriyaa 55% ka mid ah arrinta.

Car "Russo-Balt": Aqoonsiga

daydo ayaa sii daayay warshad baabuur, xoog kala duwan iyo isku halaynta. Waxay ka qayb tartamada caalamiga ah oo kala duwan: Rally iyo dulqaadasho. In Monte Carlo iyo San Sebastian ka mid ah kuwa ugu fiican ahaayeen. Isagoo ka hadlayay isku halaynta ee mashiinada ah, had iyo jeer soo xusuustay sida hal nuqul oo ka mid ah-C 24, 1910, arrinta aysan awoodin in ay eryi 80,000 kiiloomitir oo aan dhaawac halis ah. Waqtigaas in ay ahayd guul gaadhka cajiib ah iyo brand warshadaha baabuurta oo dhan "Russobalt".

baabuurka ayaa laga helay heerka ugu sareeya - garaashka Imperial ee 1913, laba baabuur rakaab RBVZ bummed. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah waxaa loo sameeyey model ah qaylada C-24, iyo tan labaad - K-12. 64% ka mid ah waxyaabaha geedka lagu helay ciidamada dalka Ruushka. Mashiinnada lahaa baahida inta badan ka mid ah saraakiisha iyo dhakhaatiirta shaqaalaha. By habka, waxay ahaayeen model ee jiifku ay ku rakiban jirka gaashaaman.

Features-soo-saarka

Car "Russo-Balt", sawir oo aan xusno dareen sharaf ah, lahaa dhismaha fudud, laakiin aad u adag. faahfaahinta aasaasiga ah, sida: crankcase ah, dhululubada, gudbinta, ku shubtay ee aluminium. qaybo qoqobada: giraangiraha marsho iyo geerka - ayaa la saaray saa'idka kubada. unit dhululubo shubay wada jir ah ula Sheekadaas oo kaliya loo isticmaalo in lagu daydo C-24 iyo K-12 - daydo dusha Marka "Russobalt".

gaariga ayaa waxaa lagu soo saaray tiro badan. Waxaa xusid mudan in waxyaabaha ku jira gaariga ka mid ah xisbiga ahaayeen si buuxda u laysku beddelid karo. Iyo inta u dhaxaysa labada dhinac model la mid ah ayaa laga yaabaa in farqi weyn: tirada idaacadaha, awood engine, wheelbase ah, design ee qaybo ka mid shakhsi ah. beegyada uu joomatari qiyaasay qaybo ka mid ah nidaamka ton. Ku dhowaad dhammaan of baabuurta ayaa si toos ah ku sameeyeen warshad baabuur ah. Dhinaca lahaa si aad u iibsato saa'idka kubada, aaladaha cadaadis saliidda kana noogin.

waaxaha Cartwright ahaayeen labadaba St. Petersburg iyo Riga. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah soo saaray maydadka for lagu daydo gaar ah. Body "Russo-Balt" lahaa wax badan oo hab doorinta: limousines xidhay, alaabtayadii furan, oo caan ah Landau Yurub, torpedoes sigarka-qaabeeya iyo kuwa kale oo ka mid ah. Ugu carwo ee 1910, ee lagu qabtay St. Petersburg, warshad carload ayaa kaliya soo bandhigay shan daydo. Sannad ka dib, waxaa hore u lix ahaayeen.

Land ee Soofiyeedku ah, sida muuqata, baabuurta ma u baahan tahay. Sidaa darteed, ay la sii daayo si tartiib tartiib ah hoos u dhacay, iyo in 1926 gebi ahaanba la joojiyey. Iyo wax soo saarka warshadda ee guud ahaanteed lagu casriyeeyo warshadaha difaaca.

Ina keena aynu baaro si faahfaahsan waxa ay soo saartay shirkadda, gawaarida "Russo-Balt". Caddaymaha naga caawiyaan in this.

"Russo-Balt" K-12

Baabuurta K-12/20 taxane ah V ah, sii daayey 1911, lahaa wax soo saarka ugu badan ee 20 hooras, kaas oo tilmaamay in horyaalka. In 1913 waxaa u muuqday taxanaha ah ee soo socota - XI, awoodeeda hore u 24 litir ahaa. a. Mashiinka waxaa la yiraahdaa, siday u kala horreeyaan - K-12/24. Waxaa ka mid ah muuqaalada model this yihiin:

- dhululubada tuuray unit caadi ah;

- a heshiis hal dhinac ah oo filtarka;

- thermosiphon qaboojinta nidaamka.

Gudbinta si gooni gooni ah ku rakiban ka engine ah, iyo Xuddunta ah lagu kala qaado si giringirihii gadaal via usheeda dhexe rafaasad ah. Vehicle ah oo miisaankeedu yahay oo ku saabsan 1200 kg, sidaas oo kale ayaa ilo gadaal ahaayeen ¾-elliptical halkii semielliptical. wheelbase taxane hore waa 2655 mm, iyo dabayaaqadii - 2855 mm.

Model K-12 inta badan iibsaday isticmaalka shakhsi ahaan, maxaa yeelay, waxay ahayd ugu raqiisan ka mid ah baabuurta diidanaa dhirta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadka hodanka ah inta badan iyada doortay. Waxaad u sheegi kartaa dhawr qof aad u fiican ka mid ah milkiilayaasha of K-12 ee landole jidhka: Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich, Prince Borisa Golitsyna, Tiri Sergei Witte, industrialist Eduarda Nobelya.

Guud ahaan, warshadda soo saaray 141 nuqul baabuur ee K-12. Waxay la soo bandhigey shan taxane. Sifooyinka ah V-Taxanaha 1911:

- motor - in-line, 4-dhululubo, 2.2 litir, iyadoo hoose-waalka,

- awoodda - 12 hp at 1500 rpm;

- PPC - farsamo, saddex marxaladood;

- jir - Spar ah;

- biriiga - durbaanka, gadaal,

- ganaax - guga, ku tiirsan,

- xawaaraha ugu badan - 50 km / h,

- jirka - furan, 4 kursi.

"Rousseau-Balt" C-24

The model gaariga rakaabka ugu qaalisan ahaa RBVZ C-24, kaas oo la soo saaray ilaa 1918. Baabuurta la jirka 6-kursi waxaa si balaadhan looga dhex saraakiil ciidanka Ruushka ee loo isticmaalo. On marsho ay soo caga dhigay iyo jidhka kale: tartanka double, limousines raaxo iyo landole. xataa Waxaa jiray version bar-track of jiilaalka a - gaadhi-baabuur. feature ugu weyn ee gaariga this - engine ah. dhululubada kabka Its laba blocks, oo hawosaarihiisa (hoose) diyaarin on labada dhinac ee dhululubo ah. Biyaha waxaa la siidaayey iyada oo loo marayo nidaamka qaboojinta isticmaalaya bamka ah culus. Behind dhexeeya ilo, taangiga shidaalka ku yaalla, kaas oo shidaalka waxaa la quudiyey si qol engine ah by cadaadis gaaska qaaca. Fuushiisaan cobblestones iyo Primer ahaa raaxo badan, ganaax gadaal ka koobnaa saddex ilood caleen semi-elliptical xiran iyadoo labo gaadhya iyo mid transverse. Iyada oo ku xidhan nooca miisaanka jidhka gaariga ahaa 1540-1950 kg.

model ayaa ku soo beegmay in sagaal dhacdooyin, kuwaasoo mid walba uu ahaa ka khayr badan ugu dambeeyey. In 1912, Warshadda tagay uu carburetor, oo waxay bilaabeen inay in lagu dhejiyaa on C-24 carburetor Faransiiska "gebogabeeyey". Tani, si wadajir ah ula isbeddelka profile ee dhululubo Cam ah, ogol yahay in ay kor u xoogga lagu qiimeeyo 30 ilaa 35 hooras. Isla sanadkaas, wheelbase ayaa dheeraado ka 3160 si ay u 3165 mm. In 1913, baabuurta xoog mar kale kordhay fulinta gear 4-xawaaraha.

Waxaa la sii daayay 347 C-24 daydo in sagaal sannadood. 285 wuxuu lahaa dumisaan jirka furan. The oo hadhay oo qiyaastii siman dhex limousines qaybiyey, iyo tropicbirds double-landole. Taasi waxa ay ahayd waxa qasdigiisu yahay "Russo-Balt" - the dib u eegista milkiilaha gaariga ayaa sheegay in inta badan ay isku halaynta iyo hufnaan dayactirka.

Aragtida fikradda

Baabuurta diidanaa dhirta aan la illoobi doonin, oo dhawaan waxaa jiray isku day ah in uu soo noolayn ka "Russo-Balt". Gaadhiga, kuwaas oo taariikhda waa xitaa gaaban ka badan halyeeygii waxaa ka mid ah waxa uu la xidhiidhaa warshadaha baabuurta Ruush jir-jir, sidaa darteed waxaa jirta doonayo in ay u soo celi. Tan iyo bilowgii brand ee qarniga 21aad waxaa iska leh A: Level. Sanadkii 2002 waxaa loo baxshay ka-Russo Baltigue. Sannadkii 2006 waxaa la soo bandhigay fikradda ah Aragtida, kaas oo ka qayb horumarinta shirkadda German Jarmal Gerg GmbH. Waxaa la qorsheeyey in ay soo saaraan oo keliya 15 baabuurta sannad iyo iyaga u iibiyo inay ururiya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fikrad aan caadi ahayn shiidaa ka mid ah ma ku guuldareysato kara in danta, iyo wax soo saarka ee gadhoodh.

Model for tuple ah

Ka dib markii isku day inaan soo nooleeyo sanadkii 2006, brand ah "Russo-Balt" dib u hadlaya. Sannadkii 2013, waxaa la soo jeediyey in la dhiso wax soo saarka ee lagu daydo gaar ah motorcade madaxtooyada. Tani waxay u saamixi lahaa in ay bixiyaan cashuur brand weyn, "Russo-Balt". Car 2013 waxay ahayd inuu la kulmo madal ay "Rolls-Royce Phantom." Nasiib darro, mashruuca ayaa la marna ogaaday ilaa maantadan la joogo.

gunaanad

Sidaas awgeed, waxaan ognahay waxa ka "Russo-Balt" (baabuur). Review of moodooyinka, caddaymaha iyo fikradaha khabiir noo caawiyay si ay u siiyaan qiimayn buuxda oo ka mid ah noocyada baabuurta Ruush ugu horeysay. kaliya nixi waxa ay tahay in ay u yeedhaan baabuur Ruush runtii adag. Ka dib oo dhan, waxaa la dhisay sida ay noocooda ah ee model ah Belgian. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada oo aan shuqullada samaynta maxaliga ah, laga yaabee dunida ma ka bartay oo ku saabsan brand ah 'Russobalt ". Gaariga xaqiiqo ah u qalmaa dareenka, iyo waxa suurto gal ah in uu wali waxaa xusuusin bakhtiyey.