Rinjiyeynta The "Black Square" by Malevich: macnaha sawir, sharaxaad ku saabsan

Mid ka mid ah boqol sano ka hor, labadan erayada sameeyey dareen, ma intiisa kale la siiyo si ay dad badan. rinjiyeynta The "Black Square ah" mid kasta farshaxanka hiwaayadda shisheeye - shaqo ugu caansan Ruushka ee farshaxanka - calaamad u ah fikrada ah muddo dheer ka hor waqtiga xataa qarnigii XX degdeg ah.

artist cataclysms Zaman

Kazimir Severinovich Malevich noolaa noloshayda, la mid ah ugu yaraan in qaddar ee beenaale ah xariif ka tahay, ayaa gool aad u hesho taajir by iibinta aragtiyaha abstruse, astaanta oo waxaa loo arkaa in badan oo ka mid ah "khubaro" rinjiyeynta by Malevich "Black Square". Wuxuu ku dhashay 1879 in Kiev, in tababare wax soo saarka badan ee warshad sonkorta ah. Wixii la doonayay oo ahaa inay soo dhaamiso soo bilaabo yaraantooda, laakiin dakhligoodu hooseeyo looma ogola inuu helo waxbarashada farshaxanka si joogta ah, lagu qasbay hore bilaabaan si ay nolosha shaqada sida draftsman ah.

In Kursk, halkaas oo ay u guurtay qoyska Malevich, wuxuu abaabulay goobo ka mid ah tahay caashaqi jiray, oo waxay bilaabeen in ay diyaariyaan in ay galaan School Moscow ee Rinjiyeynta, oo aanay isku dayin inay sameeyaan ee 1905 - wuxuu u baahnaydeen waxbarashada tooska ah. Inkastoo Casimir horeba wuxuu ahaa nin qoys, uu u wareegay Moscow, baray in a graduate dugsiga gaarka loo leeyahay ee Academy Imperial ee Arts F. Rerberg iyo si firfircoon uga qayb ka shaqaynayeen ururo tahay, mararka qaar ugu xagjirka ah - sida "Jack of Diamonds", "dabada Dameer ee" , "fuushanba Blue" iyo wixii la mid ah. d.

waqti search

New Era baabiiyo qiyamka jir. dareen dhac ah muuqaalada graphic tahay sawiro ah, qoran waqtiga soo qaaday sawir iyo filim curdinka, qasbo fannaaniinta si ay u tijaabiyaan la foomka. kacaanka bulshada iyo dhaqaalaha ka dhigay tacaluqda mawduucyada caadiga ah, si firfircoon uga saamayn ku raadinta canvases cusub content.

Malevich dhex deggan ka mid ah nolosha iyo farshaxanka ayaa saameeyay heerarka ugu horumarsan: qoray Bbc impressionistic, ka qeyb qaatay falalka muranka of Futurists (tusaale - on Bridge Kuznetsky socda la malqacadaha qoriga in buttonholes ay), rinjiyeeyay style ee cubism, ayaa sameeyay uu style u gaar ah - "abstruse xaqiiqo ", oo loogu talagalay daabacaadda gabayaaga ugu wax-uqabso sida A. qaloocdo iyo Velimir Khlebnikov. Wada jir ah ula Mayakovsky sii daayay "qori Maanta ', waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa dhacdooyinkii dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka.

"Victory badan The Sun"

horumar Xitaa 1913, waxaa jiray inta badan ka go'an nolosha hal abuurka leh ee Malevich. In St. Petersburg marti "The First All-Ruush Congress of Futurists", taas oo goob joog ka ahaa saddex qof: hindisa ee luqad cusub - "zaum" - Aleksey Kruchonyh, oo taageere u ahaa dissonance muusikada Michael Matyushin iyo jeeda firfircoon ee rinjiyeynta maldahan Kazimir Malevich. Natiijadan ayaa waxa ay shaqada u waxyoonay ahaayeen laba qaab opera ee "Victory badan Sun ah", waxaa ka mid ah taariikhda tahay wax-uqabso. Waxaa halkan ka asal Malevich rinjiyeynta "Black Square" - ujeedada sida muuqatay sida hortegi lahaa si muuqaal ah in fal 1aad ee opera ah.

theme ugu weyn ee opera ahaa dhalashada cusub, engine ee mustaqbalka, kaas oo ka dhici karaa oo keliya marka burburinta complete dunida jir ah. theme Tan waxaa soo bixitaankii by jilayaasha non-xirfadeed ee dharka fantastic ku salaysan Dakatu by Malevich, odhan dahsoon, laakiin dhegeysiga "macno darro ah", inuu u dhaqaaqo id muuqaal cajiib ah hoos dhawaaqyada adag atonal ka biyaano ah careysan soo bixiyay. qaab ku dhamaatay fadeexad, t. E. Ujeedada ayaa lagu gaarey.

"0,10" bandhig

Saffarro xusay awoodda Malevich inay midoobaan agagaarka isaga fanaaniinta isu geeyo in ay curiyaan fikrado. Laakiin tan iyo taageerayaashiisa waxay ahayd dhamaystiran bandhig la yaab leh oo ah 39 farshaxankiisa darbay bandhiga, oo la furay December 19, 1915 in gallery ee N. Dobychina on a de champ ah Mars in Petrograd. Magaca "Zero Toban" loogu tala galay eber foomamka Ujeedada ee farshaxanka iyo toban bandhige (in kastoo ay 14). Waxaa ay ahayd markii ugu horraysay waxaa jiray sawir ka mid ah "sanduuqa madow" - sawirka iyada qabsada ee "geeska cas", halkaas oo sida caadiga ah kaalinta walxood. artist qudhiisu sudhay rinjiyeynta habeenkii ka hor furitaanka, ku qoray boodhadh iyo saxiixooda, diyaariyey manifesto ah "From Cubism in Suprematism. xaqiiqo sawiro New. " Sidan buu noqday madaxa a dhaqdhaqaaqa farshaxanka cusub, kuwaas oo calaamad u ahaa rinjiyeynta "Black Square". Bandhiga ayaa loo magacaabay sida "Last ka hadla oo", laakiin qeexidda waxaa ka mid ah sida guurka ah si ay Suprematism, sida soo jeediyay by Malevich, saaxiibadii isku mid ma ahayn - fikrado aad u xag artist naadiyey.

Suprematism

Magaca waxa ay ka imanaysaa supremus ee Laatiin - supremacja iyo Polish - - ugu sareeya Fadilmo, sarraynta. horumarinta afka baarkiisa ah ee style cusub oo Malevich ayaa sheegay in ku saabsan Lagaga ee irrelevance sida sifooyinka qeexaya of tahay run. Xoreeyey rinjiyeynta maldahan noqdo fal uunka oo saafi ah, sida rabaani ah, iyo rinjiyeynta "Black Square" dareenka ay leedahay pervokletki tayo leh, element aasaasiga ah ee adduunka ku cusub.
macnaha kale muddada Malevich qaab muhiim in xaqiiqada cusub abuuray by qalabka waaweyn in uu isticmaalo - midabada, khadadka, foomamka joomatari oo sahlan. The yabban horeysay Suprematist, oo ay ku jiraan farshaxanka Kazimira Malevicha "Black Square", wuxuu lahaa muujin shacuurta gaar ah oo ku salaysan darey midabka kooban, ma toosan ku margado iyo aragtida anteenada, dayashada ee mugga iyo wixii la mid ah D.. In mustaqbalka, horumarinta mabaadi'da aasaasiga ah qaaday qaab saameyn ku saabsan noocyo kala duwan - Halabuurka steel supremacist tirooyinka aadanaha muuqday tan iyo xubno saddex geesood ah - "architectons" hadal noqon views Malevich on naqshadaha mustaqbalka.

The salaysan dunida cusub abuuray by artist uu lahaa mid ka mid ah hadal weyn - "Black Square". Macnaha of sawirka la eb ahaa qiimaha go'an kuwaas oo aan la dhisay khariidaynta dunida jira iyo kuwa cusub, xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee kale oo kala duwan oo adduunka ah siiyey madmadowga iyo "Black Square". Waa maxay?

Apotheosis of irrelevance

Wacdiyaya xornimada tahay si dhab ah saafiga ah ee diiwaangalinta muuqaalada dhabta ah, artist ah ciday ku timaado in khasaaraha ka mid ah tusaale kasta, ama si aad u raadiso qaab bilowga ah, taas oo ah wax aan macquul aheyn in la kala galay xubno dastuurka. Tani waa element koowaad la helay Malevich - "Black Square". Macnaha of sawirka waa in aragti ah soo saaray waxa by, kuma xirna content semantic, ka ururka dunida ujeedada, ka tixraac gaar ah iyo tusaalayaal. Hawsha loo xilsaaray Wizard ma fududa, waxay u baahan tahay ka qaybgalka daawadayaasha, danab ee ay xoog ruuxi ah, joogitaanka waxaa at of boorsooyinka qaar ka mid ah. Oo marar badan ma siin jawaabo cad, oo ka dhigan hab cusub si aad u hesho dareenkaa u ah nolosha, iyo ma aha in ujeedada tahay?

Color - saleysan rinjiyeynta casri ah

Horyaalka buuxda ee sayidkiisa rinjiyeynta ugu caansan muujinaysaa by "square Black Suprematist ku saabsan asalka cad." Waayo, artist iyo falsafo halkan waxaa muhiim ah in Eray kasta oo ay ahayd, maxaa yeelay, waxaa labaya midabka, hoose oo caddeynayaa Suprematism ah. Waxaad ka heli kartaa sharaxaad ku saabsan rinjiyeynta "Black Square" by Malevich, halkaas oo midabka ah ee rinjiga ka codsatay in ay shiraac ah, waa isku dar ah oo adag ah oo midabo kala duwan, ka mid ah oo ma jiro wax bezels cad madow iyo caddaan yeedhay eller midabo iftiin cream.

Waxa ay u muuqataa in waxa macno samaynaya, waayo, sayidkayga ah, markii uu ku samaynayaan talaabooyinka soo socda - ee taxanahan caan ah "cad cad on" marka muujin shacuurta ee rinjiyeynta ku salaysan yahay xiriirka midabka dareemayn ee u dhexeeya diyaaradaha. rinjiyeynta The "Black Square" - dhawaaqista midabka adag, ee ugu Wayn, la taaban karo, la barbardhigo. Inkasta oo waxgarashada madow iyadoo ay sabab u qodan oo ka mid ah midabo kala hoose (kulul iyo kuwa qabow, spectral oo kale), xoojineysaa muhiimadda ay leedahay in lagu dhawaaqo this.

Energy iyo Nuur

La yaab ma laha sheegidii ugu horraysay ee square madow arkay in shaqada Malevich ee design ee opera "Victory badan The Sun" ee higayaa. Description of rinjiyeynta "Black Square", sharaxaad ku saabsan asalka cad on taasoo la dhigayaa tiro Doolaal adag sida baytari fudud ilxidhka sugayo, ka dhacdaa artist iyo dhagaystayaasha, iyo gaar ahaan isku ee macnaha guud ee dhacdooyinka ka dhacaya opera ah.

Waxaa la yaab leh sida Malevich u suurtagashay in ay la saadaaliyo meelaha muuqaal dabiici ah in ay noqdaan dad la mariyo ka dib markii nus qarni ah. Ad Reinhardt, Sol LeWitt, shaki ku jirin, ayaa la socda jidka ka muuqata "Black Square". In Mark Rothko ee midabka iyo tamarta gariirka foomka rayadka keensataa qiyaasta runtan, iyo hab ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada tamarta tani la mid tahay Suprematist ku dhowaad macno ahaan.

Lama oga inta ay le'eg ahayd Malevich foomamka nin-dhigay mabda'a, dhinac is barbardhigga fudud ee laba jibbaaran, asalka uu Cabidkariin iyo eller madow, laakiin wax ka dhigaysa in ay kuwa iskufilka gelin sawir iyo daqiiqadii shucaaca asalka Xaggeeda noqdo la taaban karo.

Xiisadda fikrado, dhamaadka tahay?

qoondaysnaa banal of tayada sheegid hanad farshaxanka, laakiin ay dhacdo beegtay Malevich waa cad. Sidoo kale waxaa jiray iska cad in ay contemporaries yabban apocalyptiga, kaas oo siiyey Malevich "Black Square". Macnaha of sawirka, waxay arkeen in dhamaadka dhintay, kuwaas oo keenay farshaxanka rinjiyeynta, iyo gaar ahaan, horumarinta fikirka bulshada.

Shaqada caadiga ah ee farshaxanka lagu dhawaaqey huriye, iyo laba jibbaaran arkay natiijo dabiiciga ah ee formalists baaritaan hal abuur leh. La yaab ma laha jiro halyeeyga ah in markii uu arkay "Black Square", Picasso lumay daneyntii Cubism - dheeraad ah u guuraan si ay u tagaan ... Ha ku darin rajo ayaa yimid waqti dagaalka iyo ahi cad oo ka mid ah isbedelka kacaan mustaqbalka.

Oo weliba, sare ee waqtiga tagey in dhigyo ah by Malevich naadiyey ka, maqla call si aad u hesho habab cusub, iyo diidmada oo ka mid ah hababka jir ah oo soo bandhigeen dunidan isbedelaysa uma muuqato xukuma. Tani waxaa xaqiijiyay shaqo dheeraad ah oo ka mid ah sayidkiinna iyo xertiisa oo meelmar ah fikraddiisa.

farta otstcheta

Malevich shiraac weli yididiila Mufasiriinta cufan, kuwaas oo yididiila galin magaca artist iyo lacagta bixisay sawir asalka ah - "dhaleecayn" oo ay leeyihiin sirdoonka ilmaha-bikrad. Waxay bartey rumaysan in eber muhiimadda ah tahay sida. godka madow, ahmiyadda arrinta light of qiimaha farshaxanka run, oo ay u muuqataa aadka masuulka ka ah ee dhaqanka ruuxiga ah iyo anshaxa.

Dhanka kale, magaca Malevich la og yahay in kasta oo artist mustaqbalka, naqshadeeye ama naqshada ee dunida, Suprematism saameyn ah ku fanaaniinta casriga ugu caansan. Tusaale ahaan, qoraaga oo ka mid ah noocyada aalladda casriga ah ee dhismayaasha oo waxay hareereeyeen by nin - Zaha Xaadiid - nuuxnuuxsaday, saamaynta ka mid ah fikradaha ee artist ee Ruush ah ee shaqada oo dhan.

Waxa aad u baahan tahay inaad samayso rinjiyeynta "Black Square"

Waxaad nolosha noolaan karaan iyagoo aan ka fekerayaa sidoo kale-quudin nolosha raaxo leh, si aad u aragto dunida ka badan dadka kale ka duwan. dooday asxaabta iyo cadaawayaashooda, xertii ka dhigi, in ay isku dayaan inay ka dhaadhiciyaan sax ah awoodda dawladda iyo ku dhacaan saboolnimo iyo maxaabiis ahaan, in ay u dhintaan cudurkan daran ma aha weli da 'weyn oo u beddesho ay aaska u gaar ah ee share tahay wax-uqabso.

Laakiin maxaad u adkayn wax? Shiraac, wax yar oo rinji iyo ugu yaraan xirfadaha rinjiyeynta - masterpiece diyaar muhiimada dunida. Iyo xataa si fiican - tafatir kombiyuutarka iyo printer tayo sare leh - sidaas macaan yahay, more sax ah, qurux badan ... iyo ugu muhiimsan - ma sameeyaan dadaal dheeraad ah maskaxda, maxaa yeelay, wax walba waa sidaas fudud ...