Rinaldi Antonio - Heer Talyaani ee qarnigii XVIII ah Russia

Rinaldi Antonio - dhise Talyaani shaqeeyay in Russia ee qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XVIII ah. Uu qoray iska leh dhismayaasha badan oo Gatchina, Oranienbaum, Tsarskoye Selo iyo, dabcan, in Petersburg ah. Iyada oo magiciisana waxaa la xidhiidha guurka ka baroque in classicism naqshadaha Ruush.

Rinaldi Antonio: Biography gaaban

About dhallinyaro ah naqshada la og yahay aad u yar. Shaki xitaa sanad iyo meesha dhalashada. Inta badan, waxa uu ahaa Naples. Waxaa loo arkaa in ay tahay in xagga koonfureed oo reer Italy, waxaana uu qaatay uu carruurnimada Rinaldi Antonio. Uu Biography waxaa ka buuxa dhibco cad, laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka mid ahaa in ay sharaf qoyska ka mid ah. fikrado waxay ku saleysan yihiin male ah in naqshada mustaqbalka bartay la sayid L. Vanvitelli (kaas oo, kadis ah, ma ahayn wax badan ka weyn isaga ka badan), oo wuxuu soo waday in wiilasha workshop oo uu ka xaafadaha Naples ka soo jeeda wanaagsan. Horjoogaha ahaa mid ka mid ah injineero ugu caansan dalka Talyaaniga oo ah xilligii dabayaaqadii Baroque. Under hanuunka macalinka sayidkiisa dhallinyarada shuqulkiisa ugu horeysay.

Rinaldi gaaray Russia ee 1951. Ka hor inta in, uu u safray England iyo Germany, iyo Architecture-Jarmal ayaa saameyn weyn ku mustaqbalka ee dhismaha. In Russia, waqtiga classicism ayaa ku dhowaad bedelay Baroque ah. Caan ku riyaaqay by injineero sida Sokolov, Rastrelli, Cameron. Under heshiiska, Rinaldi lahaa in ay qaataan 7 sano oo hawshii tirinta codadka Razumovsky Hetman of Ruthenia. Waxaa la qorsheeyey in uu qaadan doono hagaajinta mustaqbalka ee xarunta maamulka gobolka - magaaladii Baturin. Mashruucu wuxuu u wayn lama in la dhameystiro. Waayo, Hetman dhise dhisay mid ka mid ah madaxtooyada oo kaliya, ka dibna 1954 tageen inay St. Petersburg.

In dhise caasimada fruitfully shaqeeya on amarka Emperor Peter III. Waxa uu u kiciyo adag oo ah dhismayaasha ku Oranienbaum, dhistaa Palace oo marmar ah St. Petersburg, ka shaqeeya Tsarskoye Selo. Rinaldi ayaa mashruuca saddexaad ee ugu fadeexad ee Cathedral St. Isxaaq, taasi oo markii dambe waxaa la dhisay by Montferrand. Mid ka mid ah shuqulladii ugu dambeeyey ee naqshadeeyaha ugu - Church Catholic ee St. Catherine, halkaas oo ay muddo dheer ahayd ilaaliye ee kaniisadda.

Naqshadle waxaa ka buuxay qorshayaasha hal abuur leh, laakiin shil naxdin leh hortagi run soo. Inta lagu guda jiro dhismaha Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ee St. Petersburg, ayuu ku turunturoodeen, wayna ku saabsan kaymaha ku dhacay. Work wuuna kari waayay. Master aqoonsaday hawlgabka noolyihiin, oo markuu gurigiisii tegey, si joogto ah u dhex maray, qunsulka ah. sano ee la soo dhaafay ee nolosha naqshadeeyaha ugu habeeyay iyo si wax naqshadooda iyo sawiro. Rinaldi Antonio ku dhintay Rome 1974.

muddo Talyaani

Ka hor inta uu safarka ay Russia ee dalkiisa ee naqshadeeyaha ugu qaatay oo ku saabsan 40 sano. Xilligan waxa ay astaan u saameyn toos ah macalinka, Luigi Vanvitelli. tababarka inta badan ka dhacay dhaqanka. Rinaldi soo shaqeeyay sida ardayga iyo kaaliyaha dhise. Waxa uu ka qayb-galay design ee qalcaddii Caserta, mid ka mid ah dhismayaasha ugu weyn ee Europe ee palatial. Waxaa loogu talagalay boqorka qudhiisaba. qalcaddii waxa uu ahaa mid ka mid ah tusaalooyin fiican ee dabayaaqadii Talyaani Baroque. Xaaladdan oo kale, durbadiiba waxaa si cad u arki karo, sifooyinka qaar ka mid ah classicism.

Dhismaha keniisad ee St. Augustine ee Rome, sidoo kale, waxaa la qabtay iyadoo ka qaybgalka Antonio Rinaldi. Injineerka ayaa waxaa uu weli ka shaqeynayo koox ahaan. Laakiin cathedral ee keniisad ee Saint Maryan tii reer Magdala in Pesaro uu si madax-bannaan loogu talagalay. Rinaldi isu muujiyey sida sayidkiisa a baaluq waxaa la aasaasay. Waxay ahayd markaa in ay soo jiidatay oo lagu casuumay in ay Russia.

Gatchina

Ukraine Rinaldi Antonio ahayd jecel walaalkiis u sabab ah Elizabeth, Kirill Razumovsky. Waqtigaas, waxa uu ahaa hetman ee Little Russia, iyo nin aad wax raadayn kara. Iyada oo muhandas qandaraas oo amartay in la sii wado si ay design dalka ay degan yihiin ee hetman ee Baturyn. Qorshuhu wuxu ahaa in laga sameeyo magaalada caasimadda ah ee dhulka, dhiso qaar ka mid ah guryaha Gingerbread dheeraad ah oo ku qaataan horumarin jidadka. Mawqifkaa waxaa la design ee degenaanshaha Rinaldi la dhiso guriga boqorka, waayo, Razumovsky. Kirill G. ahaa tababare wanaagsan, laakiin ma uusan fogaado laaluushka iyo baadda. In 1754 wuxuu ahaa yeeray Moscow si ay u soo tabiyaan dhulkooda, ka dib markii taas ay maalgelin iyo awoodaha Hetman ah ayaa si xun u koobnayn. Qorshayaasha dhiska iyo Baturina ka jeediyey adeegyada dhise diiday in uu bixiyo magdhaw. Isla sanadkaas uu u soo diray inuu St. Petersburg.

Oranienbaum

In St. Petersburg, Rinaldi qaatay adeega maxkamadda ee Peter III. Marka boqornimadiisa dhamaaday, Catherine II sameeyey naqshada maxkamadda sayidkayga ah, oo meel this uu qabtay ilaa 1784. The amarka ugu horeysay Imperial ahaa dhismaha dhismayaasha adag in Oranienbaum. Halkan Rinaldi taagay Peter III Palace, Pavilion Miisaamidda Hill, Opera House, oo mar dambe - Chinese madaxtooyada. Petrovsky Palace lama loogu tala galay guryaha, halkii ay ahayd taambuuggiisa ah nasashada. dhismaha laba dabaq Ghadafi waa mid aad caadi ahayn marka la eego xal da'ayeen. Waxaa la dhisay sida square ah, mid ka mid ah geeska of kaas oo la soo koobay arc siman. Sababo la xiriira farsamada this dhismaha yar u muuqataa quruxsan cajiib ah. madaxtooyada Chinese ayaa la loogu talagalay degenaanshaha ee Catherine II ee 1762-1768 sano. Waqtigaas waxaan ku jiray chinoiserie style Parma ka faaidaysta theme Chinese, iyo dhowr gudaha lagu qurxiyey sida ay isbeddellada fashion ah. Marka la dhameeyo si guul leh shaqo ee Oranienbaum, naqshadeeyaha ugu mas'uul ka ah maaraynta dhismayaasha ee Tsarskoye Selo.

Tsarskoye Selo

Work on dhismayaasha Tsarskoselskaya ka mid yihiin kuwa muddada ugu daran ee shaqada Rinaldi Antonio. Naqshada dhistaa jira dhowr taambuug, tiirarka iyo taxadiri. Wuxuu loogu talagalay oo kormeero dhismaha Cesme, Morea, columns Crimea, Taalladaas obelisk Cahul Lansky. All dhismaha xusuus ammaani xoogga ciidamada badda ee Ruushka iyo ciidankiisii. Chinese Pavilion iyo Tiyaatarka Chinese sii theme of chinoiserie. style Rinaldi Yurub siinayaa codka Ruush. yabban Chinese la ogan karo labadaba gudaha iyo dibaddaba - tusaale ahaan, in design ah ee labada geesood isku laalaaban of saqafka ee Chinese Tiyaatarka. Nasiib darro, dhismahan ayaa dagaalkii ku burburey oo la arko waxay noqon kartaa oo kaliya in sawirada.

dhismaha Petersburg

Marmar Palace, loogu talagalay in style ee classicism baaluq, loo yaqaan top hal abuur Rinaldi Antonio. Magacani wuxuu la siiyey, maxaa yeelay, oo ka mid ah darbiyada, iyo jiidh dhagax dabiiciga ah. Waqtigaas in ay ahayd dhismaha kaliya ee St. Petersburg la Qurxinta ah. marmar ah casaan loo isticmaalo decoration bannaanka iyo decoration gudaha. Qaabka Palace U-qaabeeya waxa uu noqday jawharad dhab ah qararka Neva ah. Hadda waxaa jira laan ka mid ah Museum Ruush ah.

dhismayaasha kale ee sayid St. Petersburg ka mid ah Prince Vladimir Cathedral, munaaraddii macbudka dawan loosoo, Church Catholic ee St. Catherine on Prospekt Nevsky iyo Tuchkov Buyan - adag ah ka mid ah bakhaarada.

Naqshadle ka qayb qaatay shaqada on Cathedral saddexaad St. Isxaaq. dhismaha mashruuca Rinaldi ayaa lagu guursaday shan domes iyo ilaa munaaraddii kor dawan caato dhaadheer. By waqtiga dhimashada Catherine II waxaa la kor dhameystiran Eaves ah, laakiin odaygii kari waayay, maxaa yeelay, dhaawac xidho. Rinaldi u tageen inay Rome, oo waxay dhaqso u dhisay qubbad leben, iyo munaarad dawan, idinkoo Goodin on salka marmar ah cathedral ah. Dhismaha ayaa sababay resonance weyn ee bulshada, epigrams iyo adkaanta in dhan walba laga soo shubay. Later cathedral la dhiso, in nuqulka ugu dambeeya.

Rinaldi Antonio naftiisa ku Italy bilaabay oo halkaas ku dhamaaday. Laakiin waxay ahayd muddo nolosha ee ku dhex Russia ee "qalbi" oo uu Biography, wuxuu iyadii siiyey oo dhan tayadiisa iyo xoogga hal abuur leh. In muuqaalka naqshadda ee St. Petersburg iyo nawaaxigeeda Rinaldi kaalin weyn.