Naqshada Ruush A. D. Zaharov: Biography iyo shuqullo

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, Sannadihii naftiisa u formation of St. Petersburg image, waxaa loo yaqaan oo dunida ku sida qoraaga of dhismaha Admiralty ah. Its muhiimadda for Architecture-Ruush lama quudhsan karin, ayuu qeexay dhinaca horumarinta Isboortiga qaranka muddo dheer.

carruurnimada

AD Zakharov, naqshada, waxa uu ku dhashay August 8, 1761 ee St. Petersburg oo qoyska ka mid ah saraakiisha Admiralty, sarkaal sare. Aabbihiis - Dmitry Ivanovich Zakharov oyna ku hesho mushahar aad u suubban, laakiin waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay laba wiil, kuwaas oo la dhisay kibirka Fatherland ku kicin. ahaa curadkii - Yakov Dmitrievich Zaharov - noqotay academician, professor of chemistry iyo farsamo. Junior - Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov - noqday dhise u fiican. Laga soo bilaabo da'da hore oo aabbahay lagu soo bixiyey in wiilashii dadaala iyo aqoon korodhsiga. Waxa uu si taxadar leh lagu arkay kartida carruurta oo ahaa awoodaan si ay u arkaan hibadooda. Andreyan sida ugu 6 sano jir ah uu u soo diray inuu dugsiga ee Academy of Fine Arts. In fasalka, ayuu ugu dhakhsaha badan uu noqdo mid ka mid ah ardayda ugu fiican. Wiil The helo abaalmarinta ugu horeysay u hanashada tacliimeed ee labadii sano ee - buugga.

Helitaanka shaqooyinka

Ka dib ka qalin jaamacad, A. D. Zaharov galo fasalka naqshadda ka mid ah Academy of Arts. Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ayaa awood u leh inay caawiyaan inay si dhakhso ah ay gaaraan horumar umeerin, macalimiinta xusay uu aragtida da'ayeen. Waxa uu la sayid weyn bartay: AF Kokorinov, YM Felten, IE Starova. Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov gaaro natiijooyin fiican in la shuqul naqshadda iyo 1782 xaliyay ka qalin Academy ah. Cunnadeedii "14 fanaaniinta of class" iyo bilado gudoonsiiyey.

Ardayga cajiib ah

Inta lagu jiro sannadaha waxbarasho Andreyan Zakharov ururiyay set buuxda oo bilado Academy ah. Mid ka mid ah shuqulladii ugu horeysay ee ka mid ah naqshada ee mustaqbalka - mashruuca ay "House" - helo yar oo bilad qalin ah Academy ah. Tani waa abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee ardayda undergraduate. In 1780, waxaa la siiyay bilad ah oo lacag badan oo hore u, iyo dhamaadka tababar - bilada dahabka ee mashruuca "Fokzala" a ( "madadaalada guriga") iyo safarka Paris ". Waayo, afku guulo dheeraad ah naqshadaha ah" Wakhtigan, A. D. Zaharov kaabayaasha dhaqaale fikradaha of classicism, oo doonaysa in ay gudashada hadafyada cusub ee wax.

In 1782 Andreyan oo ay la socdaan saddex ardayda in Paris yimid. Halkan waxay bilaabaan in ay ka qayb galaan fasalada sawir-buuxa. Zakharov ka keentay dhise Faransiis JF bartaan Chalgrin, iyo waxa ay sidoo kale saamayn ku K. LeDoux naqshadeeyaha ugu horusocod ee Paris, horyaal taariikhi ah oo awood leh mashaariicda fudud in fascinates ardayga ka Russia. Chalgrin, author of caanka Arc de Triomphe ee Paris, wuxuu ahaa wakiilka ugu ifka badan ee classicism Faransiis, innovator iyo naqshada fiican, fikradaha uu isku sameeyay on ciidda diyaar u ah in Academy of views A. Zakharov. Wakhtigan, waxa la aasaasay oo uu fikradda bilicsanaanta iyo bislaadaa habka qoraaga, kaas oo weli loo turjumi karo dhirta.

Tallaabooyinka koowaad ee xirfaddan

Sanadii 1786dii A. D. Zaharov soo laabtay Russia, ay ka buuxaan qorshayaasha iyo rajeynayo mustaqbalka. Muuji off xirfadahaaga in mashruuca uu ku Aaminto ah Academy of Arts dhismaha dhameysteen taabto, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah dhowr sano si ay u maareeyaan dayactirka, Ebana iyo dhamaystirka dhismaha, shaqada wax curin iyo culeys waa naqshada daalo. Kaliya ee 1790, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay tixraac kiisaska in la hagaajiyo Academy of dhise kale. Zakharov fuliya amarada yar, sida mashruuca tuulada Lyubuchi dugsiga. shaqada ugu horreysa ee caanka ah ee naqshadeeyaha ugu muuqataa in 1791, decoration grand this on munaasabadda soo gunaanaday, nabad kula jooga Turkey. In mashruucan, Zakharov cadeeyay ma aha oo kaliya sida takhasus heer sare ah, laakiin sida waddani ah. In uu shaqo uu soo bixitaankii fikradda ah Russia ayaa weynaanta iyo kibirka in feat ee Suvorov at qabashada Ismaaciil.

dhaqdhaqaaqa Waxbarashada

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, kuwaas oo Biography waxa ay xidhiidh dhow la St. Petersburg, si deg deg ah uu ku soo laabtay dalkiisa guriga yimaado Academy in search of shaqo. In 1787, uu diiwaan geliyaa booska uu ka professor associate, 1792 uu difaacay mashruuca oo waxay noqdeen ah borofisar ka tirsan Academy ah. xirfadiisa baridda uu Zakharov ma tagin ilaa dhamaadka nolosha. Waxa uu ahaa macalin tayo leh, sanadihii la soo dhaafay, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa awoodin in ay ka dhigi mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed wanaagsan, iyo sii daayo badan oo ardayda mudan. Gaar ahaan, hoos amarkiisa shaqeeyay AN Voronikhin, xertiisa ahaa aad u fiican Ruush dhise A. Melnikov.

naqshada Gatchina

In 1799 Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, ka shaqeeya iyo mashaariicda oo lagu arkay maamulka ugu sareeya ee dalka. Paul waxaan isaga u doortay dhise sare oo Gatchina, xafidaada tiir kasta oo ah borofisar ka tirsan Academy ah. Halkanna wuxuu abuuraa mashaariic dhowr ah oo dhismayaasha iyo dhismaha. Waxa uu marka hore ku bilowday ka shaqeeya mashruuca ee keniisad ah, dhimasho mooyaane, Paul ee looma ogola in lagu rido mashruuca. Waxa uu doonayay in dhaqan Zakharov Novgorod iyo Pskov ee naqshadda dhismaha macbudka. Intii uu isaga hoggaaminayay, ka taagay in Gatchina Lutheran Church, ilaa maantadan la joogo oo aan la sii raagayaan. Waxa uu sidoo kale loogu laba buundooyinka: Humpback iyo Libaaxa, ku dhameysan kartaa laba taambuug: ". Farm" "Birdman" iyo marka hore la dhisay, iyo dhismaha dhimashada labaad ee Paul joojiyay.

Isla mar ahaantaana Zakharov ka qeyb qaadanaya abuurista shaqada sayniska "The naqshadaha Ruush" isaga ku siinayaa fursad aad uga fikiri si faahfaahsan muuqaalada dhaqanka qaran iyo in ay u safraan dalka ku baahsan. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan uu aad uga daalaeday galay aasaaskii naqshadaha Ruush, xaqiiqsadeen koobnaanta iyo xoog of muuqaalka Ruushka, iyo diyaar la abuuro mashaariic baaxad weyn.

Shaqo on muuqaalka kore ee Vasilyevsky Island

A. D. Zaharov horumariyo xirfadaha uu, uu isku daraa naqshadeeyaha ugu tayo iyo aad u fiican dhaqanka-dhise. Waxa uu ku casuumay in ay khabiir ku ah dhammaan mashaariicda waaweyn fuliyay St. Petersburg. Sidaas waxa ay taasi gacan weyn ka abuurista mashruuca of Exchange ah. In 1804, naqshadeeyaha ugu abuuraa mashruuca dhismaha qararka ka Vasilevsky Island la Manhajkooda ka mid ah Academy of Arts. Waxa uu doonayay dhise si gudashada dhaqanka ugu fiican ee naqshadaha Faransiis iyadoo meelaha dedan oo colonnades. Mashruuca ayaa lagu aadka u mahad by khubaro iyo asxaabta, laakiin waxaa suurto gal ah si ay u fuliyaan qorshaha, waraaqaha ma ahaa, iyo wareeggeedii aan la sii raagayaan. Isla mar ahaantaana D. Andreyan shaqaynaysa qorshe ay dhismaha ee Nizhny Novgorod Fair ah, abuuraa macdantu mashruuca ee Academy of Arts a.

arrin A nolosha - Admiralty

A. D. Zaharov, naqshada Ruush, kuwaas oo hoos u baxay sidii Abuuraha reer mid ka mid ah dhismayaasha ugu muhiimsan ee Saint Petersburg ee taariikhda - Admiralty. In 1805 waxaa loo magacaabay dhise oo madax ka ah waaxda Admiralty ah, oo wakhtigaas ahaa u weyn oo loo baahan yahay wax badan oo ka mid ah dhismayaasha. Zakharov ayaa abuuray mashaariic badan, aan oo dhan oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa laga fuliyay, qaar ka mid ah dhismayaasha aan la sii raagayaan, laakiin baaxadda shaqo ahaa mid cajiib ah. Wuxuu loogu talagalay magaalooyin badan ee Russia: Kronshtadt, Saint-Petersburg, Kherson, dheregno, Arkhangelsk, shaqayn lahaa oo aad u badan. Zakharov waa mid aad u nooceeda mashruuc kasta oo aan tagay oo aan beddelka kasta, mararka qaarkood aad u badan, oo aan dhisme hal, dhismayaasha xafiiska yar oo dhismaha ugu weyn ee Admiralty ee Arkhangelsk iyo jaaket. Mashaariicdan oo talanti oo qorsheeyaha Zakharov-magaalada, ayuu qeexay image ah oo ka mid ah ay godoon ah magaalooyin badan Ruush. Mashaariicda ugu weyn waxay ahaayeen dhismayaasha Hospital Black Sea ee Kherson, Nikolaev arday Corps, mashruuca warshad cable ee Arkhangelsk.

Weli, ganacsiga ugu weyn ee nolosha Zakharov ahaa mashruuca dhismaha ugu weyn ee Petersburg St. ku Admiralty. Wuxuu u abuuray Eebe cajiib ah, dhismaha oo baaxad weyn oo ah, dhererka ay tolnimo waa 400 mitir. The garaaca iyo dhabanada ee Aamino sharraxay farshaxan iyo muuqataa parade grand. munaaraddii A leh markabka Jestkii oo dahab ah oo dhigaya toosan, taas oo uu noqday feature a xukuma ee dhulka magaalooyinka ah. Dhismaha ayaa ahaa munaaraddii ka mid ah hal-abuurka Zakharova, in dhismaha oo dhan kaamil ah: ka shaqeynta fikirka-baxay haybad ilaa iyo muuqaalka habboonaanta.

shaqada dhise

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, photos of dhismayaasha oo soo jiidaan oo dhan buugaagta on naqshadaha Ruush, abuuray badan oo mashaariic ka kooban in magaalooyin badan oo dalka ah. Shuqullada ugu caan yihiin:

• Andreya Pervozvannogo ee Cathedral ee Kronstadt;
• qorshaha horumarinta "Bixinta jasiiradda" ee St. Admiralty ku Petersburg,
• Cathedral ee St. Catherine in Ekaterinoslav;
• Hospital Marine degmada Vyborg ee St. Petersburg,
• Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral ee Izhevsk,
• dibu dhiska xigtaa ugu weyn ee dekedda leh ee St. Petersburg.

qaabab badan Zakharova ma ka badbaaday, laakiin uu dhaxalka waa laga qiimeeyaa by Faracoodii ah.

gaarka ah

Naqshada Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov naftiisa si uu shuqulka uu jecel yahay u go'ay. Wuxuu baray, shaqeeyeen mashruuca, iyo farxad shakhsi aan waqti si aad u sameysato. waqtiga firaaqada uu u huray in daraasadda ee buugaagta on makaanikada, farshaxanka, farsamada, xiisaha nijaarnimada. Zakharov gaaray wadne, laakiin ma uusan muhiimad kasta si this. In xagaagii 1811 ayuu ku dhacay isagoo si xun u xanuunsan oo ku dhintay 8 September. Academy of Arts ayaa muujiyay walbahaar qoto dheer uu ka tagay dhicis. Nasiib darro, naqshadeeyaha ugu weyn oo lahaa waqti lahayn in ay arkaan dhamaystirka of mid ka mid ah mashaariicdeeda ugu weyn ee, dad badan oo shuqulladiisa hor waqtiga oo aan la fulin.