"Moskvich-2150", SUV ka tagay, caddaymaha, sawiro

Waxaa si fiican u la og yahay in Midowga Soofiyeeti uu ahaa kala duwan oo aad u suubban ee baabuurta. Tan waxa u sabab in aan la'aan ah fikrado, iyo nidaamka dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed ee gobolka. Sidaas daraaddeed, waxaa loo sameeyay tiro ka mid ah mashaariicda caan ah oo leh xal farsamo sare ama aan caadi ahayn ama mashiinada fudud oo casri ah, laakiin wax badan oo aan la dhigey saarka serial. Next, ka fiirso mid ka mid ah baabuurta, kuwaas oo - "Moskvich-2150".

Features

Mashiinka Tani waa noocooda ah in aan la soo bixiyey in soo saarka taxane. Waa wadada rakaabka gaadhiga is haysta loogu talagalay MZMA ku salaysan prototypes hore oo lagu daydo wax soo saarka.

story

Waqtigan xaadirka ah warshad gaariga dhowr jeer isku dayeen in ay abuuraan mashiinada off-road. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mid ka mid ahaa mashaariicda aan heshay guushii. soo socda waa taariikh horumarinta gaadiidkan.

"Moskvitch 410", 411

In 1957, iyadoo ay ku saleysan daydo is haysta 402 iyo 407 ayaa loogu talagalay in baabuurta MZMA-wheel-drive "Moskvich-410" iyo 411 ee nooca yaryar iyo baabuur siday u kala horreeyaan. From the mashiinada asalka ay heleen qaab-dhismeedka taageerada ee jidhka, kaas oo la xoojiyay ah. Si weyn u bedeshay jiifku iyo powertrain. Bridges bedelay ka adag ganaax hore madax banaan - tiirsan, absorbers lama filaan ah telescopic - lever, dhigay kiiska kala iibsiga. Natiijadu waxay tahay gaariga rakaabka la ansixin dhulka ka mid ah 220 mm, awood fording qoto dheer oo ilaa 0.3 m a. mashiinada waxaa loo dhigay ilaa in qaab dhismeedka of taas oo heshay waqtiga analogues barnaamijka horumarinta SUV ee raaxo, bandhigay dhan-wheel daydo rakaabka drive.

"Muscovite-410" iyo 411 kula tartamayay GAS-M72, loogu talagalay ay weheliyaan khadadka la mid ah. Sidaas darteed, imtixaanka dhiman loo aqoonsaday. Sidaas darteed, jirka ka soo baxday in adag oo ku filan, oo kiiska kala iibsiga - aan lagu kalsoonaan karin. Intaa waxaa dheer, gaariga uu ahaa mid aad u raaxo sababta oo ah ganaax ku adag iyo gudbinta buuq badan. Ugu dambeyntii, waxaan tilmaamay xasilooni darro iyo maamul adag. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u ah incompatibilities cutubyo used. Casriyaynta dareemay sirgaxan, iyo ku salaysan this ee samaynta MZMA soo gabagabeeyey in ay tahay wax aan macquul aheyn in la abuuro oo dhan-wheel gaariga rakaabka drive on jiifku caadiga ah, in kasta oo gaaska sii wadi doonaan horumarinta nidaamka this.

"Moskvich-415", 416

Sidaa darteed, waxaa la go'aamiyay in la horumariyo MZMA jiifku shaqsi baabuurka off-road. Oo sannaddii la mid ah waxaan abuuray "Moskvich-415". From prototypes hore uu ugu horrayn is khilaafeen by joogitaanka jir Spar, siin miisaanka yar iyo xoog weyn iyo cimri dherer. PPC weheliso kiiska kala iibsiga. Hakinta isticmaalo on mashruuca 410. In koraya design ka diiradda lagu saaray Willys ah. Makiinadaha ayaa sidoo kale aad u la mid ah in fikradda guud, labaduba waa SUVs jir haysta si aan u weyneyno design fududeeyey. In version Soviet oo ka mid ah qaybaha ugu adeegsaday mashiinada serial MZMA.

Sanadkii 1960 ayuu soo bandhigay "Moskvich-416", soo bandhigtay qaabka qol lix kursi (415 model ahaa afar kursi) iyo jirka u xiran yihiin. Wax yar ka dib, motor-upka bedelay M-408. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo design aad u guulaystay, baabuurta, kuwaas oo aan helay baahsan. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u ah saddex sababood. First, mishiinka aan la qiimeeyo ee Wasaaradda warshadaha. Marka labaad, awoodda geedka ahaayeen si buuxda u muxaafidka. Saddexaad, waxay u adeegeen in ay sal u ah ee lagu daydo tixgeliyo baabuurta 410 iyo 411 by markii laga soo qaaday wax soo saarka, si isticmaalka faahfaahin waayay faa'iidada.

"Moskvich-2148", 2150

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, "ayuu Moskvich-415" iyo 416 loo isticmaalo horumarinta baabuur "Moskvich-2150", iyo 2148, soo bandhigay 1973, mashiinada abuuray gudahood raaxo mashruuca SUV isafgaradka gobolka degan tuulada, halkaas oo ay ku ahaayeen tartamaya iz-14 iyo Vaz-2121. The baabuurta cusub noocooda "Moskvich" (AZLK) midaysan la model ee 2140, kaas oo wakhtigaas waxaa loo diyaarinayaa wax soo saarka. Total dhisay laba baabuur, mid la saqaf adag (2150), ka kale - la shiraac ah (2148). From prototypes 415 iyo 416 "Moskvich-2150" oo 2148 heshay jir Spar, dariiq dhexaad adag iyo ilo hanashada, iyo D. sidaas on. Taas darteed, kaliya AZLK bandhigay SUV naqshado classic tartanka. engine The qaatay on the "Moskvich-412", laakiin waxaa dib u habaynta by yaraynta saamiga riixo ah.

baabuur imtixaanka "Moskvich-2150" ayaa lagu qabtay. drive Test ku dhex tusay cross sare. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ceebaha loo aqoonsaday iyo dhismaha.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wax soo saarka mass of Vaz raacay design ka raaxo badan, oo isu oo cusub. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in mashruuca AZLK la diiday sababo siyaasadeed. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in qaabka classical, taas oo ahayd noocooda ah ee gaariga "Moskvich" mahad, sifo ay ciidanka soo jiitay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee AZLK aadan haysan khayraadka in la dhiso arrinta ee 2150 iyo 2148, sidaas darteed, Wasaaradda Difaaca qorsheeyay in la casriyeeyo laan Kineshma ee wax soo saarka ee sannadlaha ah 60 kun. Mashiinada noocan oo kale ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mashruuca ma dhacaan, sidii iyagoo aan aad waxaa maalgeliyey.

sannadka soo socda ka dib markii Ciyaar ee 2150, iyo 2148 bilaabay horumarinta SUV la ganaax madax banaan iyo tabo cusub oo kale oo farsamo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, habka ay horey u kala gooyey ee 1975 ee la xidhiidha dhimashada mid ka mid ah samaynta ah, inuu ku takhasuso SUV ah. In shaqo this on this maadada ( "Moskvich") AZLK jeestay.

Ilaa qeybtii labaad ee 80 ee. shirkadda ayaa soo jeediyey in dib loo furo mashruuca 2150 (2148), laakiin waqti dhan khayraadka ee warshadda, sida had iyo jeer, waxay ahaayeen mashquul.

Sidaas darteed, waxa ku hadhay 2 nuqul ka mid ah baabuur "Moskvich-2150". SUV ee la soo dhaafay waa la ilaaliyay in labada versions. Waxay yihiin in museum gaari Retro. Sida ee prototypes hore, mid ka mid ogeysiiyeen badbaaday "Moskvich-415S" iyo jidh 415 gaariga noocooda ah "Moskvich". Photo 2150 soo bandhigay si aad u wanaagsan, halka versions kale ahaayeen images inta badan arkiifiyo.

jirka

gaariga ayaa waxaa ku matalayay jirka saddex albaab ee embodiments, adag iyo top jilicsan (socdaalka iyo chaise siday u kala horreeyaan). baabuur labaad lagu qalabeeyey bar duudduuban. Marka la barbar dhigo ee prototypes hore dib-u-loogu talagalay. Labada baabuur ahaayeen gacanka albaabada buusmeynin iyo footrests hoos albaabka kasta. Xaaladdan oo kale, birihii ahaayeen dibadda. 2150 qalabaysan saraysa daaqadaha (ee 2148 waxaa jiray kaliya hal muraayda piece). Optics, marka laga reebo kala duwan oo ka 412 model iyo lambarka taxanaha saxan Nuur hagaajin, ka GAS-66 ee amaahatay. Masaxaadaha u guuray xagga hoose ee galaaska, ka duwan prototypes baabuurta hore "Moskvich". Photos muujiyaan farqiga u dhexeeya versions. On baabuurta loo arkaa laba Haamaha Shiidaalka 60 L labada dhinac oo jidhka ah ayaa laga helay. Waxay jeelyihiin in si aan caadi ahayn kaalinta giraangirta firaaqada: qaybta danbe ee dhinaca midigta. Tan waa la sameeyey si loo fududeeyo isticmaalka albaabka danbe, sida ay siisaa inay helaan ma aha oo kaliya in ay qol boorsooyinka, laakiin sidoo kale in urur la arimaha gudaha, iyo sidoo kale in ay ka fogaadaan in ay dhula ka yar load ka giraangirihii.

The abuuray hawlgalka arkayey gaariga xaaladaha adag ee miyiga halkaas N adeegga karti, si ay design isku dayay si loo hubiyo in istareexsan darafkeeda iyo xog. Sidaa darteed waxaan ka dhigay kaliya 6 dhibcood sifaynta.

cabbir Guud ahaan waa 3,615 m dheer, 1,626 m ballaaran iyo 1.85 m sare. Wheelbase waa 2,27 m, ula socdaan labada faasas -. 1.27 m laba koobin ee la soo dhaafay ayaa kor u kacay marka la barbar dhigo jiifku-upka. Xakameeyo miisaanka - 1.05 tan.

Sida faa'iido ugu weyn ee in ka badan abuuray tartamaya xusay qaab-dhismeedka jir ah gaariga a camiridda oo raagaya "Muscovite-2150". Avtolegendy USSR dhex SUVs, sida GAZ-69 ah, UAZ-469, iyo sidoo kale dhigooda dunida waqtiga, wuxuu lahaa nidaamka la mid ah. Vaz-2121 ka soo dhibic this of view ahaa gaari ugu fiican.

Intaa waxaa dheer, samaynta ayaa diiradda saaray ku-oolnimada ee la xiriira qalabka wax soo saarka ee mashiinada baahan yahay 1/3 ee tirada UAZ-469 bir.

engine

Marka la barbardhigo lagu daydo ee 415 iyo 416, oo ku saabsan "Moskvich-2150" rakibay engine M-412. Oo uu wax yar ka dib u habaynta, hoos ratio riixo in 7.25 si ay u ogolaadaan isticmaalka 76 baatrool baadiyaha. Tani carburetor 4-dhululubo powerplant 1.5 litir 2 filtarka per dhululubo yeesho 75 l a. a. awoodda ee 5800 vol. / min 111,8 iyo nm ee Xuddunta at 3800 rev. / min.

nidaamka Qiiqa qaadeen dhinaca dhinac markab. qaboojinta nidaamka qabow ka hor taga waa dhagan. engine The ku qalabeysan yahay laga bilaabo preheater.

gudbinta

Vehicle qalabaysan gudbinta Buugga 4-xawaare.

Sida la xiriirta mashaariic hore, khariidad ku hadhay drive dhan-wheel classic ah, "Moskvich-2150" waxaa ku xiran dariiq dhexaad hore. Si taas loo gaaro, in mid ka mid ah kiis la isugu gudbiyo a qalabaysan kiiska 2-xawaaraha kala iibsiga ah. Wixii qalab dheeraad ah (winches, bambooyin, iyo D. sidaas on.) Si aad u oggolaadaan PTO ku Xaggeeda. Bridges - qorin la si buuxda u sabayn fallaadhihii dariiq dhexaad. faraqa Rear-warqada ayaa quful wanaagsan.

Tartamayaal leeyihiin nidaamka kale drive dhamaystiran.

jiifku

design Undercarriage ku dhowaad badelin ka noocooda ah 415 iyo 416. Kaliya track iyo wheel kordhay saldhig u ah xasilloonida kor u amaahannay. Labada ganaax - on laba ilood caleen semi-elliptic gaadhya. Qalabaysan baararka stabilizer.

Ansixin 220 mm.

farsamo isteerinka waxay leedahay qaab hybrid la duuban dixirigoodu la shanlo labo gool.

Biriigyada - durbaanka on dhan afar giraangirood.

giraangiraha 15-inch waxaa been abuurtay giraangiraha iyo Taayirada off-road. Dhajinta on saa'idka kubad, si ay isku shaandheyn ugu velocities angular kala duwan.

off-road Sidoo kale halis ganaax dhismaha classical ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in gaariga loo abuuray si loogu isticmaalo xaaladaha adag. Tani waxa ay ahayd farqiga ugu weyn ee ka tartamaya in ay leeyihiin ah oo ganaax hore madax banaan.

gudaha

Mashiinka heysta 6 dadka. Waxaa intaa dheer, in ay helaan kuraasta danbe iyada oo albaabbadii-hal caleen gadaal iyo tailgate la footrest. The kuraasta hore ay leeyihiin kaliya hal qabsiga gaadhya. Rear bandhigay kuraasta double ku yaal weheliyaan looxyada. Taasi waa, khariidad ka "Moskvich-416" amaahatay, oo taas waxaa loo isticmaalaa version bannaan ee 2148. ah guddiga ayaa hore lahaa xubno ammaanka dadban. Intaa waxaa dheer, column isteerinka ahaa buusmeynin. Xuquuqda guud ahaan laga riixo rakaabka kursiga ku-dhajinta ah.

The kuraasta danbe yeelan barkin a double-laabanto la ballaariyo xamuulka.

qaab-wadidda

xawaaraha ugu badan "Muscovite-2150", iyo 2148 waa 105 km / saacaddii (120 km / h on xog kale). Baaritaano la sameeyay ayaa muujisay in ay hubin in ay u guuraan ah blaastiigga kala duwan (ciid, iyo dhoobadii, beer ku qodaya) iyo awood in ay ka gudbaan si qoto dheer tog ee 0.6 m. Kaydka The shidaalka ee 120 l u baahnaydeen in ka badan 500 km. Mashiinnada ay awoodaan in ay jiido trailer ah oo miisaankeedu yahay ilaa 0,35 m.