Kanu waa warka culus Delphic iyo cilmi dhul: sayniska, isagoo rumeyn quraafaad ah

Magaalada Delphi in Greece - xarun dalxiis hadda, laakiin laba kun oo sano halkan ururiyey ma yihiin dalxiisayaasha, laakiin dad sodcaal badan. Waxay ka ah Maraakiibta ku dejiyaan, oo wuxuu fuulay buuraha, halkaas oo, ka mid ah geedihii Asheeraah oo saytuunka ah xurmada istaagay meesha quduuska ah ka go'an in ay ilaah qorraxda Apollo galay. Sida ay legend, meeshan ina Zeus dilay masduulaagii Python, taas oo ku Afuufnay Dhexdeeda dillaacii, dadka la siiyo hadiyadda wax sii sheegidda. Tan iyo waqti in, wadaadkii gaar ah - loo magacaabay ka dib markii masduulaagii Pifiyami - wax sii sheegeen masiirka dadkooda oo ka jawaabaan su'aalo ku saabsan mustaqbalka. meelaha quduuska ah noocan oo kale ah ee Giriigii hore waxaa jiray kuwo badan, laakiin Socrates ayaa macbudkan ee Apollo at Delphi.

Waxay ku taalaa at cagta ee Mount Parnassus. Tan iyo markii ay meesha waa la qadarin ka Millennium BC saddexaad 4 qarnigii AD, waxaa jira tixraacyo badan oo waxaanad u dhaqmaan si wax sii sheegidda oracular adag. All chroniclers u yidhaahdaan, macbudka Apollo badan dillaacii, halkaas oo goor wanaagsan gaasas dhulka hoostiisa istaagay. Priestesses aqbalay gabdhaha keliya oo lahaa hadiyadda wax sii sheegidda. Inkasta oo ay sameeyaa ay Pythia shaqo, ka dibna lagu qabtay ee nidarradeedii ee isdhawrtay, markaas oo keliya, taasoo ka dhigeysa adeegga, xaas.

Visitors keeno hadiyad inuu macbudka oo la weydiiyay su'aasha ah, taas oo lagu duubay looxa wax a. Found in tiro badan oo ka tirsan waqtiyo kala duwan, waxay tilmaamayaan in dad sodcaal ah ay dooneysay in dhibaato la mid ah: in xaaska badala, haddii ay ku tiirsan yihiin hal ama qof kale iyo in faa'iido u ah ama ganacsi taasoo keeni karto. Oracle hore ku maydhaa hoos ku adyton - qolkii dhulka hoostiisa ka yar salka macbudka - oo waxaan ku fadhiistay Maala-a. Waxaa dhuuqay iyo biyaa in trans. Her hadalka Ruugo hadlay Delphic Kanu waa warka culus - wadaad gaar ah qiyaasay in priestess a mutterings Kanu waa warka culus la yaab leh oo ah ilaahyada.

Laakiin excavations qaddiimiga ah, socda at meeshan ka XIX qarnigii., Miyaanan ka heli wax dillaac ah macbudka ka yar. Seynisyahanno Adolf Oppe iyo Pierre Amandri in waraaqaha ay sheegtay in, Pythia ee wax sii sheegidda oo Kanu waa warka culus ee Delphi - wax ka badan oo waaweyn ah, waarta dhowr qarniyo fadeexad, taas oo keentay in wadaaddadii macbudka ku faa'iidin ka xajka aan eed lahayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in ay dhacdo macbudka Apollo at Delphi waxaa jiray xaalad dhif ah marka sayniska casriga ah ayaa dafiray, laakiin xaqiijiyay quraafaad ah mucjisooyinka oo ka dhacay meesha quduuska ah.

In 1980, daraasaad qaababka volcano ayaa la sameeyay, ka dhaca goobta this. Waxa la ogaaday in unu kaas oo ku kici kara iyo midhaha hawlaha magmatic, waddaa bari iyo galbeed, si toos ah u meeshii Pythia fadhiistay, oo halkaas ka jawaabidda su'aalaha Kanu waa warka culus Delphic. qolka adyton ahaa 2-3 mitir ka hooseysa heerka dhulka, sidii isagoo ah ayaa loogu talagalay in lagu qabsado iyo hay gaaska ka imaanaya meelaha dillaacsan ee. Laakiin waxa ay ahayd sidan walax priestess sarkhaamayo oo u soo bandhigid ah arka?

Plutarch carrabaabay, in "pneuma", taas oo ku neefsaday Pythia ah, lahaa caraf udgoon. Xataa in 20-kii sano ee qarnigii labaatanaad Himik Izabella Herb ogaaday in xal 20% of ethylene ah u keenaysaa in halmaan aadanaha, iyo qiyaas taagta daran sababa riyooday. Archaeology Higgins 1996 soo jeediyay in codka ilaahyo, oo galbiyey in Pythia iyo naadiyey ugu quduusan Delphic, waxaa uu ku dhiiraday by lammaane oo ethylene qasan carbon dioxide. Tani waa gabagabeeyo saynisyahano riixay daraasadda macbudka kale oo Apollo at Gierayolise (ala Aziya), halkaas oo ey weli ka soo baxay oo layers dhulka dusha ah. In Delphi, ka dib markii dhowr dhulgariir oo waaweyn, dillaacii waa xiran iyo "source of dajinta" ayaa engegay.