Image ah "lumay" magaalada riwaayadaha ka Ostrovsky ee "Biriqleh". Image "dunida laga badiyay" ee magaalada Kalinov

xilli masrixiyada ee 1859 ayaa waxaa ay astaan u dhacdo cajiib ah - shaqo Ciyaar "Biriqleh" Abwaan ka Aleksandra Nikolaevicha Ostrovskogo. Against hortegi lahaa ee u kaca ee dhaqdhaqaaqa dimuqraadi ah, waayo, la baabiiyo of serfdom, uu play ahaa in ka badan ku habboon. Her ka qoraal macno dooxay gacmaha qoraaga: dhammeeyey bishii July ee waxqabadka gudbisay on goobta of Petersburg ee August!

Indho cusub ee xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee Ruush

Innovation uu noqday image cad tusay dhagaystayaasha magaalada "lumay" in riwaayadaha ka Ostrovsky ee "Biriqleh". Abwaan, ku dhashay degmada baayacmushtariga ee Moscow, aqoon qoto dheer dunida ah, si ay u soo bandhigaan in ay dhagaystayaasha, dadku by burghers iyo baayacmushtariyadii. Kibir ah baayacmushtariyaashii iyo burghers saboolnimada gaareen foomamka xad fool xun, kaas oo, Dabcan, ka qayb qaatay serfdom ku caan.

Macquul ah sida haddii qoraal ah ka nolosha, kallifto (ugu horeysay - in St. Petersburg) ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah inuu soo aaso ee arrimaha maalin kasta dadka oo dhan lama filaan ah uga dhawaaqnay dhinaca si aad u aragto dunida ay ku nool yihiin. Waa wax qarsoodi ah - sida arxan darrada fool xun. Rajo la'aan. Run ahaantii - "boqortooyada madow". Waxa uu arkay ahaa lama filaan ah loogu talagalay dadka.

image celcelis ahaan magaalada dal

Ma aha oo kaliya iyada oo magaalada la xidhiidha image ee "lumay" magaalada riwaayadaha ka Ostrovsky "Biriqleh". Qoraaga, ka shaqeeya wax uu u ciyaaro, gaar ahaan booqday tiro ka mid ah degsiimooyinka Ruush, abuurista nooc, images wadajir ah: Kostroma, Tver, Yaroslavl, Kineshma, Kalyazin. Sayidka, nagaa magaalada arkay goobta sawir ballaaran oo bartamaha Russia nool. In Kalinowo muwaadin Ruush aqoonsan dunida taas oo uu ku noolaa. Waxa ay ahayd sida soo dajinta in ay lagama maarmaan ahayd in la arko, in ay ogaadaan ...

Waxa ay noqon doontaa cadaalad darro in aan ku xuso in Alexander Ostrovsky qurxinay shuqulkiisa mid ka mid ah jilayaasha dumar ugu cajiibsan ee suugaanta classical Ruush. Noocooda, waayo, Catherine image for qoraaga u adeegeen Atariishada Kositsky Lyubov Pavlovna. Its nooca, caynkee ah oo hadlaya, Ostrovsky replica fudud geliyo sheekada.

Ma aha asalka ah oo loo doortay halyeeyad of dibad xagjirka ah ka gees ah "boqortooyada madow" - ismiidaamin ah. Ka dib oo dhan, waxaa jiray yaraanta lahayn taariikhda markii nin Mase baayacmushtariyaasha 'cunay nool' for 'dayrarka sare "(hadal laga soo qaaday sheekada Savela Prokovich duqa magaalada). Wararka dadka naftooda dilaya mid ah xilliyo muuqday warbaahinta casriga ah Ostrovsky.

Kalinov sida boqortooyada dadka ku faraxsaneyn

image ah "lumay" magaalada riwaayadaha ka Ostrovsky "Biriqleh" dhab ahaantii wuxuu ahaa sida sheeko cirfiid "boqortooyada mugdi ah" a. Waxaa ku noolaa aad u yar dadka si dhab ah ugu faraxsanahay. Haddii dadka caadiga ah rajo la'aan shaqeeyay, iyadoo saddex saacadood oo hurdo ah maalintii, loo shaqeeyaha ah isku dayeen in ay iyaga la addoonsan ilaa xad ka sii weyn, si ay u sii kobciyo isu on shilalka shaqada.

Maalqabeenka isla muwaadiniinta - baayacmushtariyaasha - deyrka off ka muwaadiniinta dayrarka dheer oo irdaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida laga soo xigtay Wild isku kula baayacmushtari jirtay, ma jiraan wax farxad waayo, qufulka kuwan, xidhay baxay for "aan ka tuugag," oo si aan la arag sida "hodanka ah ... Bal aan guriga cunto u tagaan." Oo iyagu waa kuwan dayrarka "qaraabada dhacaan, adeerka ...". guriga ku garaacday si ay u "ma dhicin loo idmin inuu eray."

The apologists ah "boqortooyada madow"

Sida iska cad, in aan waa madaxbanaanan waxaa lagu suuraddii "lumay" magaalada riwaayadaha ka Ostrovsky "Biriqleh". The ku nagaa magaalada ugu qanisan dhaqmo baayacmushtariga Wild Savel Prokofitch. Noocan ah aan kala sooc lahayn aadanaha waxay ka dhigan tahay caadaysteen in ay la yaso dadka caadiga ah, iyaga underpaying ay shaqada. Gaar ahaan, wuxuu sheegayaa qaybtii ugu, marka uu helo codsi ka amaahan nin yar oo lacag barbaro. Savel Prokofitch qudhiisu uusan ku sheegi kartaa sababta, ka dibna, waxa uu ahaa carooday: habaaray, ka dibna ku dhow shil Pryshyb ...

Waxa uu sidoo kale waa daalim qaraabada uu. Xaaskiisa martida qirto maalin aan si cadhaysiin baayacmushtarka ku socotay ah. oo macmal ah ciidamada mudaharaad gurigiisa si ay u qariyaan ka daalim ah ee lagu xereeyo haa istoodhka.

images xun ee riwaayadaha "Biriqleh" iyo supplements kula baayacmushtari jirtay naag carmal hodanka ah Kabanova - Marfa. Waxay, in la barbardhigo duurka, "tagno cuno" gurigooda. Oo Kabaniha (wadada this ay naanaystiisa) ayaa isku dayaya in ay gabi ahaanba reerka u xukumaan. Her ina Tikhon gabi ahaanba ka maran isku filnaashaha waa cudur daar miskiin nin. gabadhii Barbara ee ma aha "jabay", laakiin waxa uu bedelay fideen gudaha. mabaadii'da ay nolosha u noqday khiyaamo iyo sirta. "Si aad wax aamus-aamus" - sida ay iyadu sheegtay in Barbara.

Gabadhaadii waa Katerina Kabaniha keena ismiidaaminta ah, qurxisay si baad ah si backwardness waafaqsan: ninkeeda soo socda, "ooya ee dadka" sujuudi, ninkeeda arkaya. naqdiya DOB in maqaalkan "ray A iftiinka gudcurka," ayuu qoray wargayska ku saabsan Jees this: "The dheer iyo fiicnaa cunayaana".

nolosha kula baayacmushtari jirtay Columbus - Ostrovsky

Astaamaha u gaarka ah riwaayadaha "Biriqleh" waxaa loo soo dhiibay bilowgii jaraa'id ee qarnigii XIX ah. Ostrovsky loo yaqaan 'Columbus baayacmushtariyaasha raggu. " Caruurnimadiisii iyo dhalinyarada ayaa lagu qaatay ee degmada tuulada baayacmushtariyaal Moscow, iyo sida saraakiisha garsoorka, ma uusan mar wajahay "ayuu dhinac madow" nolosha ee kala duwan "duurjoogta ah" iyo "boars duurjoogta ah". Maxaa loo isticmaalaa in la dadweynaha ka dambeeya dayrarka sare Qolol qarsoon, waxay noqotay mid muuqata. play The sababay resonance badan ee bulshada. Saffarro aqoonsan yahay in masterpiece ah riwaayado kicisaa lakabka badan oo dhibaatooyin ah ee bulshada Ruush.

gunaanad

Readers yaqaanaan shuqullada Aleksandra Ostrovskogo, daruuri ogaada gaar ah, qof aan shakhsi - magaalo ee riwaayadaha ah "Biriqleh". magaaladan waxaa uu abuuray bahal this cadaadinayaan dadka: Wild iyo Kabanihu. Waxay yihiin - qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah "boqortooyada madow".
Waxaa xusid mudan in characters kuwaas oo dhan ciidamada taageeraya meaninglessness mugdiga raggu Domostroi in Kalinov, shakhsi baqihii in isaga dhaqan misanthropic. magaalada sida qof ka shaqeeya Ostrovsky ma guurto ah. Wuxuu maleeyeen xayiray in ay horumarinta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si wayn, in "boqortooyada mugdi ah" ee "Biriqleh" riwaayadaha Nool jeer ay. Dumi qoyska Kabanihi ... walaac laga muujiyay ku saabsan Wild caafimaadka maskaxda ... Dayidiisii ay ogaadaan in quruxda dabiiciga ah ee Volga ee dissonant leh jawi moral daran ee magaalada.